B1. Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer

 

  1. Liao S, Hiipakka RA, Schilling K, Oberhauser AK, Chang C, and Judge SM "Cellular dynamics of androgen receptor and protein induction in rat ventral prostate." Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., (1981):75A, 381-9. PMID: 7339626.

  2. Liao S, Chang C, and Saltman AG "Androgen-receptor interaction: An overview." Nobel symposium, Sweden, No.57, (Eriksson H, and Gustafsson JA eds.) (1983):pp. 407-418, Elsevier Science Publishing, New York.

  3. Liao S, Witte D, Schilling K, and Chang C "The use of a hydroxylapatite-filter steroid receptor assay method in the study of the modulation of androgen receptor interaction." JSBMB, (1984):20(1), 11-7. PMID: 6323860.

  4. Liao S, Chang C, Witte D, Saltzman AG, and Hiipakka RA "Modulation of androgen receptor and androgen-dependent enhancement and repression of protein synthesis." in Regulation of Androgen Action, (Bruchovsky N, Chapdelaine A, and Neumann F, eds.) (1985):pp.149-154, Congressdruck R. Bruckner, Berlin.

  5. Liao S, and Chang C "Cellular dynamics and control of androgen receptor activity." in Interaction of Steroid Hormone Receptors with DNA (Sluyser M, ed.) (1985):pp.190-201, Ellis Horwood Ltd. Publishers, Chichester, England.

  6. Chang C, Hiipakka RA, and Liao S "Spermine-binding protein of rat ventral prostate: phosphorylation, cDNA structure, and gene expression." Proc. Intl. Conf. Polyam. Life Sci. (1986):99-100. PMID: none.

  7. Chang C, and Liao S "Topographic recognition of cyclic hydrocarbons and related compounds by receptors for androgens, estrogens, and glucocorticoids." J Steroid Biochem. (1987):27(1-3), 123-31. PMID: 3695475.

  8. Chang C, Saltzman AG, Hiipakka RA, Huang IY, and Liao S "Prostatic spermine-binding protein: cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNA, amino acid sequence, and androgenic control of mRNA level." J. Biol. Chem., (1987):262(6), 2826-21. PMID: 3818623.

  9. Saltzman AG, Hiipakka RA, Chang C, and Liao S "Androgen repression of the production of a 29 kilodalton protein and its mRNA in the rat ventral prostate." J. Biol. Chem., (1987):262 (1), 1,432-7. PMID: 3793731.

  10. Chang C, Saltzman AG, Sorensen NS, Hiipakka RA, and Liao S "Identification of glutathione S-transferase Yb1 mRNA as the androgen-repressed mRNA by cDNA cloning and sequence analysis." J. Biol. Chem., (1987):262(25), 11901-3. PMID: 3040722.

  11. Chang C, Kokontis J, Chang C-T, and Liao S "Cloning and sequence analysis of the rat ventral prostate glucocorticoid receptor cDNA." Nucleic Acids Res., (1987); 15(22):9603. PMID: 3684608.

  12. Liao S, Chang C, Sorensen NS, Chang C-T, and Hiipakka RA "Modulation of androgen receptor activity and the effect of androgens on gene expression for specific proteins." in Hormonal Therapy of Prostatic Disease: Basic and Clinical Aspects (Motta, M., and Serio, M. eds) (1987):pp. 48-62, Medicom Europe, The Netherlands.

  13. Anderegg RJ, Carr SA, Huang I-Y, Hiipakka RA, Chang C, and Liao S "Correction of the cDNA-derived protein sequence of prostatic spermine binding protein: Pivotal role of tandem mass spectrometry in sequence analysis." Biochemistry, (1988):27(12), 4214-21. PMID: 3166977.

  14. Chang C, and Liao S "Gene expression and structure analysis of cDNA's for androgen-sensitive proteins and different forms of steroid-receptors." Progress in Cancer Research and Therapy. (1988):35, 43-48. PMID: none.

  15. Chang C, Kokontis J, and Liao S "Molecular cloning of human and rat complementary DNA encoding androgen receptors." Science, (1988):240(4850), 324-326. PMID: 3353726.

  16. Chang C, Kokontis J, and Liao S "Structural analysis of complementary DNA and amino acid sequences of human and rat androgen receptors." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., (1988):85(19), 7211-5. PMID: 3174628.

  17. Liao S, Chang C, Kokontis J, Popovich T, and Hiipakka RA "Structure and intranuclear dynamics of androgen receptors." in The Steroid/Thyroid Hormone Receptor Family and Gene Regulation. (Gustafsson, JA., Eriksson, H. and Carlstedt-Duke, J. eds).(1989):83-92, Congressdruck R. Bruckner, Berlin, Burkhauser Verlag Basel.

  18. Buttyan R, Olsson CA, Pintar J, Chang C, Bandyk M, Ng PY, and Sawczuk IS "Induction of the TRPM-2 gene in cells undergoing programmed death." MCB. (1989):9(8), 3473-81. PMID: 2477686. PMC362394.

  19. Chang C, Whelan CT, Popovich TC, Kokontis J, and Liao S "Fusion proteins containing androgen receptor sequences and their use in the production of poly- and monoclonal anti-androgen receptor antibodies." Endocrinology, (1989):125(2), 1097-9. PMID: 2666105.

  20. Chang C, Chodak G, Sarsac E, Takeda H, and Liao S "Prostate androgen receptor: immunohistological localization and mRNA characterization." J Steroid Biochem. (1989):34(1-6), 311-313. PMID: 2626023.

  21. Chang C, Kokontis J, Swift S, and Liao S "Molecular cloning and structural analysis of complementary DNA of human and rat androgen receptors." Prog Clin Biol Res. (1990);322:53-63. PMID: 1968256.

  22. West NB, Chang C, Liao S, and Brenner RM "Localization and regulation of estrogen, progestin and androgen receptors in the seminal vesicle of the rhesus monkey." J Steroid Biochem, (1990):37. 11-21. PMID: 2242343.

  23. Masai M, Sumiya H, Akimoto S, Yatani R, Chang C, Liao S, and Shimazaki J "Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptor in benign hyperplastic and cancerous human prostates." The Prostate, (1990):17(4), 293-300. PMID: 1701248.

  24. Kranc DM, Chodak GW, and Chang C "Androgen receptor staining in heterogeneous samples of normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human prostate." Surgical Forum, (1990):41, 687-689. PMID: none.

  25. Takeda H, Chodak GW, Mutchnik SE, Nakamoto T, and Chang C "Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptors with mono-and polyclonal antibodies to androgen receptor." Journal of Endocrinology, (1990):126(1), 17-25. PMID: 2199591.

  26. Matusik RJ, Cattini PA, Leco KJ, Sheppard PC, Nickel BE, Neubauer BL, Davie JR, Chang C, Liao S, Matuo Y, and McKeehan WL "Regulation of gene expression in the prostate." in Molecular and Cellular Biology of Prostate Cancer, (1991):299-314, Plenum, New York.

  27. Takeda H, Nakamoto T, Kokontis J, Chodak GW, and Chang C. "Autoregulation of androgen receptor expression in rodent prostate: Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis." BBRC, (1991):177(1), 488-96. PMID: 2043134.

  28. Takeda H, and Chang C "Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis of androgen receptor expression during the development of mouse prostate gland." Journal of Endocrinology, (1991):129(1), 83-91. PMID: 2030333.

  29. Chang C, Takeda H, and Kokontis J "cDNA cloning, antibody production and immunohistochemical localization of the androgen receptor." Molecular and Cellular Biology of Prostate Cancer, (1991):235-241, Plenum, New York.

  30. Chodak GW, Kranc DM, Puy LA, Takeda H, Johnson K, and Chang C "Nuclear localization of androgen receptor in heterogeneous samples of normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human prostate." Journal of Urology, (1992): (3 Pt 2):798-803. PMID: 1371552.

  31. Nakamoto T, Chang C, Li A, and Chodak GW "Basic fibroblast growth factors in human prostate cancer cells." Cancer Research, (1992):52(3), 571-7. PMID: 1732045.

  32. Gipp JJ, Chang C, and Mulcahy RT. "Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a full-length cDNA for human liver ³ glutamylcysteine synthetase." BBRC, (1992):185(1), 29-35. PMID: 1350904.

  33. Leav I, Kwan PW, Merk FB, Chang C, and Ho SM. "Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies of androgen receptor expression in a transplantable androgen-independent prostate carcinoma cell line of AIT noble rats." Laboratory Investigation, (1992):67, 788-95. PMID: 1460869.

  34. Chang C, Wang C, Deluca HF, Ross TK, and Shih CC "Characterization of an human androgen receptor overexpressed in the baculovirus system." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., (1992):89(13), 5946-50. PMID: 1631078. PMC402115.

  35. Rennie PB, Bruchovsky N, Leco KJ, Sheppard PC, McQueen SA, Cheng H, Snoeck R, Hamel A, Bock ME, MacDonald BS, Nickel BE, Chang C, Liao S, Cattini PA, and Matusik RJ "Characterization of two cis-acting DNA elements involved in the androgen regulation of the probasin gene." Mol. Endocrinology, (1993):7, 23-36. PMID: none.

  36. Zhang YL, Wang C, Wilding G, and Chang C "Identification of an androgen-induced C3-P4 DNA binding protein in the cytosol of rat ventral prostate." BBRC. (1993):195(2), 710-6. PMID: 8373409.

  37. Mizokami A, Yeh S, and Chang C "Identification of 3', 5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element and other cis-acting elements in human androgen receptor gene promoter." Mol. Endocrinology (1994):8(1), 77-88. PMID: 8152432.

  38. Young WJ, Roecker EB, Weindruch R, and Chang C "Quantitation of androgen receptor mRNA by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction." Endocrine (1994):2, 321-9. PMID: none.

  39. Mizokami A, and Chang C "Induction of translation by 5'-untranslated region of human androgen receptor mRNA." J. Biol. Chem. (1994):269(41), 25655-9. PMID: 7929269.

  40. Pugh TD, Chang C, Uemura H and Weindruch R "Prostatic localization of spontaneous early invasive carcinoma in Lobund-Wistar rats." Cancer Research (1994):54(22), 5766-70. PMID: 7525050.

  41. Garcias-Arenas R, Lin FF, Lin DL, Jin LP, Shih CY, Chang C, and LinM-F "The expression of prostatic acid phosphatase is transcriptionally regulated in human prostate carcinoma cells." Mol Cell Endocrinol. (1995):111(1):29-37.PMID: 7649350.

  42. Chang C, Saltzman A, Yeh S, Young WJ, Keller E, Lee H-J, Wang C, and Mizokami A "Androgen receptors: an overview." Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression, (1995):5(2), 97-125. PMID: 8845584.

  43. Yuan Z, Zhang Y, Chang C and Zhang YL "Differential regulation of glutathione S-transferase -Yb1 mRNA levels in rat prostate, liver, and brain by androgen." Cell Research, (1995):55, 235-242. PMID: none.

  44. Chang C, Lin T-M, Hsiao P, Su C, Riebe J, and Lin D-L "Androgen-responsive genes." In: Pharmacology, Biology and Clinical Application of Androgens. (Basin C, and Swarlorf G eds). (1996):pp. 65-71, Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  45. Keller ET, Ershler WB, and Chang C "The androgen receptor: a mediator of diverse responses." Frontiers in Bioscience (1996):1: d59-71. PMID: 9159212.

  46. Yeh S, and Chang C "Cloning and characterization of a specific coactivator, ARA70, for the androgen receptor in human prostate cells." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1996):93(11):5517-21. PMID: 8643607.

  47. Yeh S, Miyamoto H, and Chang C "Hydroxyflutamide may not always be a pure antiandrogen." The Lancet (1997): 349(9055):852-3. PMID: 9121269.

  48. Miyamoto H, Yeh S, Kinoshita H, Fujimoto N, Nishimura K, Inui S, Mizokami A, Uemura H, and Chang C "Androgen receptor and androgen receptor cofactors in prostate." Proc. Jap. Nat. Conf. Andrology, (1997):1-4. PMID: none.

  49. Yeh S, and Chang C "The effect of androgens and 17²-estradiol on the androgen receptor transcriptional activity in the presence of the androgen receptor coactivator ARA70 in human prostate DU145 cells." from: Current Advances in Andrology (Waites G. Frick J and Baker G ed) (1997):pp. 17-22 Monduzzi Editore Italy. .

  50. Lin TM, and Chang C "Cloning and Characterization of TDD5, an androgen target gene that is differentially repressed by testosterone and dihydrotestosterone." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1997):94(10), 4988-93. PMID: 9144177.

  51. Wiren KM, Zhang X, Chang C, Keenan E, and Orwoll ES "Transcriptional up-regulation of the human androgen receptor by androgen in bone cells." Endocrinology (1997):138(6), 2291-300. PMID: 916501.

  52. Lin MF, Meng TC, Roa PS, Chang C, Schonthal AH, and Lin FF "Expression of human prostatic acid phosphatase correlates with androgen-stimulated cell proliferation in prostate cancer cell lines." J. Biol. Chem. (1998):273(10), 5939-47. PMID: 9488733.

  53. Yeh S, Miyamoto H, Shima H, and Chang C "From estrogen to androgen receptor: a new pathway for sex hormone in prostate." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1998): 95(10):5527-32.PMID: 9576916.

  54. Miyamoto H, Yeh S, Wilding G, and Chang C "Promotion of agonist activity of antiandrogens by the androgen receptor coactivator, ARA70, in human prostate cancer DU145 cells." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1998) 5(13):7379-84. PMID: 9636157.

  55. Miyamoto H, Yeh S, Huang S-B, Fugimoto N, Hsiao P, Ting H, Inui S, Nishimura K, Wang C, Uemura H, Kang H, and Chang C"The Androgen Receptor Coregulator ARA70." in Molecular Basis of Sex Hormone Receptor Function (Gronemeyer H, Fugymann U and Parczyk ed) (1998) pp. 43-51, Springer, Berlin.

  56. Yeh S, Miyamoto H, Nishimura K, Kang H, Ludlow J, Hsiao P, Wang C, Su C, and Chang C "Retinoblastoma, a tumor suppressor, is a coactivator for the androgen receptor in human prostate cancer DU145 cells." BBRC. (1998);248(2):361-7.PMID: 9675141.

  57. Jarrard DF, Kinoshita H, Shi Y, Sandefur C, Hoff D, Meisner LF, Chang C, Herman JG, Isaacs WB, and Nassif N "Methylation of the androgen receptor promoter CpG island is associated with loss of androgen receptor expression in prostate cancer cells." Cancer Research (1998): 58(23):5310-4.PMID: 9850055.

  58. Miyamoto H, Yeh S, Lardy H, Messing E, and Chang C "Delta5-Androstenediol is a natural hormone with androgenic activity in human prostate cancer cells." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1998): 95(19):11083-8.PMID: 9736693.

  59. Cardillo MR, Petrangeli E, Ravenna L, Salvatori L, Chang C, DiSilverio F "Immunohistochemical quantification and determination of Cathepsin D in prostatic neoplasia: correlation with steroid." Applied Immunohistochemistry (1998):6(3), 133-139. PMID: none.

  60. Mu XM, Liu YX and Chang C "Mechanism of the interaction between orphan receptor TR3 and cis-acting element in CNTFR_ gene." Chinese J. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (1998):14, 484-92. PMID: none.

  61. Kang HY, Yeh S, Fujimoto N, and Chang C "Cloning and characterization of human prostate coactivator, ARA54, a novel protein that associates with the androgen receptor." J. Biol. Chem. (1999):274(13), 8570-6. PMID: 10085091.

  62. Yeh S, Chang HC, Miyamoto H, Takatera H, Rahman M, Kang HY, Thin TH, Lin HK and Chang C. "Differential induction of androgen receptor transcriptional activity by selective androgen receptor coactivators." Keio J. Medicine (1999):48(2):87-92. PMID: 10405524.

  63. Wang C, Young WJ, and Chang C "Androgen effects on the solubility and conformational change of androgen receptor in baculovirus expression system." MCB. (1999):195(1-2), 19-23. PMID: 10395065.

  64. Heinlein CA, Ting H-J, Yeh S, and Chang C "Identification of ARA70 as a ligand-enhanced coactivator for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma." J. Biol. Chem. (1999):274(23), 16147-52. PMID: 10347167.

  65. Yeh S, Lin HK, Kang HY, Thin TH, Lin MF, and Chang C "From HER2/Neu signal cascade to androgen receptor and its coactivators: a novel pathway by induction of androgen target genes through MAP kinase in prostate cancer cells." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1999):96, 5458-63, PMID: 10318905.

  66. Hsiao P and Chang C "Isolation and characterization of ARA160 as an androgen receptor N-terminal associated coactivator in human prostate cells." J. Biol. Chem. (1999):274(32), 22373-9. PMID: 10428808.

  67. Fujimoto N, Yeh S, Kang HY, Inui S, Chang HC, Mizokami A, and Chang C "Cloning and characterization of androgen receptor coactivator, ARA55, in human prostate." J. Biol. Chem. (1999):274(12), 8316-21, PMID: 10075738.

  68. Lee YF, Shyr CR, Thin TH, Lin WJ and Chang C "Convergence of two repressors through heterodimer formation of androgen receptor and TR4 orphan nuclear receptor: a new signaling pathway in the steroid receptor superfamily." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1999):96(26), 14724-9. PMID: 10611280.

  69. Shih CC, Young WJ, Wang CH, Jin LP, Ji XD, Guan Q, Wang M, and Chang C "Monoclonal anti-androgen receptor antibodies: production, characterization, and potential diagnostic applications." MCB. (1999): 201(1-2):131-40.PMID: 10630632.

  70. Yeh S, Kang H, Miyamoto H, Nishimura K, Chang H, Fujimoto N, Ting H, Mizokami A, Huang K, and Chang C"Differential induction of androgen receptor transactivation by different androgen receptor coactivators in human prostate DU145 cells." Endocrine (1999): 11(2):195-202. PMID: 10709768.

  71. Chang HC, Miyamoto H, Yeh S, Lardy H, and Chang C "Suppression of Delta5-Androstenediol-induced AR transactivation by selective steroids in human prostate cancer cells." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1999): 96(20):11173-7.PMID: 10500149.

  72. Miyamoto H, and Chang C "Antiandrogens fail to block completely the androstenedione-induced mutated androgen receptor transactivation in human prostate cancer cells." International J. Urology (2000): 7(1):32-4. PMID: 10701889.

  73. Nishimura K, Sampson E, Yan S, Kim E, Wang X, Uemura H, Wang C, Fujimoto N, Kang H, Yeh S, and Chang C "Yeast two-hybrid screening of associated proteins and characterization of mutant androgen receptors." (2000):329-343 in Yeast Hybrid Technologies (Zhu L and Hannon G ed). Eaton Publishing.

  74. Hsiao P, Thin T, Lin D, and Chang C "Differential regulation of testosterone vs 5_-dihydrotestosterone by selective androgen response elements." MCB. (2000) 206(1-2):169-75. PMID: 10839207.

  75. Wang C, Young W, and Chang C "Isolation and characterization of androgen receptor mutants with divergent transcriptional activity in response to hydroxyflutamide." Endocrine (2000): 12(1):69-76. PMID: 10855693.

  76. Lee DK, Duan HO and Chang C "From androgen receptor to the general transcription factor TFIIH. Identification of cdk activating kinase (CAK) as an androgen receptor NH(2)-terminal associated coactivator." J. Biol. Chem. (2000): 275(13):9308-13.PMID: 10734072.

  77. Hsing AW, Gao YT, Wu G, Wang X, Deng J, Chen YL, Sesterhenn IA, Mostofi FK, Benichou J and Chang C "Polymorphic CAG/CAA repeat length in the androgen receptor gene and prostate cancer risk: a population-based case-control study in China." Cancer Research (2000): 11(4):337-41.PMID: 11927493.

  78. Yeh S, Hu Y, Rahman M, Lin H, Ting H, Kang H, and Chang C "Increase of androgen-induced cell death and androgen receptor transactivation by BRCA1 in prostate cancer cells." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (2000):97, 11256-61, PMID: 11016951.

  79. Yeh S, Sampson E, Lee DK, Kim E, Hsu C, Chen Y, Chang HC, Altuwaijri S, Huang K, and Chang C "Functional analysis of N-terminal and Ligand-binding domain of androgen receptor coactivators in prostate cancer." J. Formosan Medical Association (2000): 99(12):885-94.PMID: 11155740.

  80. Kinoshita H, Shi Y, Sandefur C, Meisner L, Chang C, Choon A, Reznikoff C, Bova S, Friedel A, and Jarrard D "Methylation of the androgen receptor minimal promoter silences transcription in human prostate cancer." Cancer Research (2000):60(13):3623-30.PMID: 10910077.

  81. Kang HY, Lin HK, Hu YC, Yeh S, Huang KE, and Chang C "From TGF-_ signaling to androgen action: Identification of Smad3 as an androgen receptor coregulator in prostate cancer cells." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (2001):98, 3018-23, PMID: 11248024.

  82. Lee DK, Duan HO, and Chang C "Androgen receptor interacts with the positive elongation factor P-TEF_ and enhances the efficiency of transcriptional elongation." J. Biol. Chem (2001): 276(13):9978-84. PMID: 11266437.

  83. Lin H, Yeh S, Kang H, and Chang C "Akt suppresses androgen-induced apoptosis by phosphorylatiing and inhibiting androgen receptor." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (2001):98, 7200-5. PMID: 11404460.

  84. Heinlein CA, and Chang C "The role of chaperones in the nuclear translocation and transactivation of steroid receptors." Endocrine (2001):14(2), 143-9. PMID: 11394630.

  85. Sampson E, Yeh S, Chang H, Tsai M, Wang X, Ting H-J, and Chang C "Identification and characterization of androgen receptor associated coregulators in prostate cancer cells." J. Biological Regulation & Homeostatic Agents (2001): 15(2):123-9. PMID: 11501969.

  86. Wang X, Yeh S, Wu G, Hsu C, Wang L, Chiang T, Yang Y, Guo F, and Chang C "Cloning and characterization of androgen receptor coregulator, ARA267-__in prostate cancer cells." J. Biol. Chem. (2001): 276(44):40417-23. PMID: 11509567.

  87. Heinlein C and Chang C "Structural and Functional Analysis of the Androgen Receptor." pp17-56 in Androgens and Androgen Receptor: Mechanisms, Functions and Clinical Application. (Chang C ed). (2002):Kluwer, USA.

  88. Li M, Richter F, Chang C, Irwin RJ and Huang H. "Androgen and retinoic acid interaction in LNCaP cells, effects on cell proliferation and expression of retinoic acid receptors and epidermal growth factor receptor." BMC Cancer (2002):2;16-23. PMID: 12069693.

  89. Miyamoto H, Rahman M, Takatera H, Kang H, Yeh S, Chang H, Nishimura K, Fujimoto N, and Chang C "A dominant-negative mutant of androgen receptor coregulator, ARA54 inhibits androgen receptor-mediated prostate cancer growth." J. Biol. Chem. (2002):277, 4609-17. PMID:11673464.

  90. Heinlein C and Chang C "Signal Transduction Pathways Modulate Androgen Receptor Transcriptional Activity." pp 57-90 in Androgens and Androgen Receptor: Mechanisms, Functions and Clinical Application. (Chang C ed). (2002):Kluwer, USA.

  91. Schinner S, Dellas C, Schroder M, Heinlein C, Chang C, Fischer J and Knepel W "Repression of glucagon gene transcription by PPAR³ through inhibition of Pax6 transcriptional activity." J. Biol. Chem. (2002):277(3), 1941-8. PMID: 11707457.

  92. Heinlein C, Sampson E and Chang C "Androgen Receptor Interacting Proteins Co-Activators and Co-Repressors." pp 91-138 in Androgens and Androgen Receptor: Mechanisms, Functions and Clinical Application. (Chang C ed). (2002):Kluwer, USA.

  93. Ting H, Yeh S, Nishimura K, and Chang C "Supervillin associated with androgen receptor and modulates its transcriptional activity." Proc Natl. Acad. Sci (2002):99, 661-6. PMID:1172840.

  94. Hsing AW, Chokkalingam AP, Gao YT, Wu G, Wang X, Deng J, Cheng J, Sesterhenn IA, Mostofi FK, Chiang T, Chen YL, Stanczyk FZ and Chang C. "Polymorphic CAG/CAA repeat length in the AIB1/SRC-3 gene and prostate cancer risk: a population-based case-control study.." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. (2002):11(4);337-41.PMID: 11927493.

  95. Heinlein C and Chang C "Nongenomic Androgen Action." 139-154 in Androgens and Androgen Receptor: Mechanisms, Functions and Clinical Application. (Chang C ed). (2002): Kluwer, USA.

  96. Wang X, Yang Y, Guo X, Sampson E, Hsu CL, Tsai MY, Wu G, Guo Y and Chang C "Suppression of androgen receptor transactivation by Pyk2 via interaction and phosphorylation of the ARA55 coregulator." J. Biol. Chem. (2002):277, 15426-31. PMID:11856738.

  97. Heinlein CA, and Chang C "Androgen receptor coregulator: an overview." Endocrine Review. (2002):23(2), 175-200. PMID: 11943742.

  98. Lin HK, Wang L, Hu YC, Altuwaijri S and Chang C "Phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of AR by Akt requires Mdm2 E3 ligase." EMBO (2002):21, 1-12. PMID:12145204.

  99. Fu M, Wang C, Wang J, Zhang X, sakamaki T, Yeung YG, Chang C, Hopp T, Fuqua S, Jaffray E, Hay RT, palvino JJ, Janne OA and Pestell R "Androgen receptor acetylation governs transactivation and MEKK1-induced apoptosis without affecting in vitro sumoylation and transrepression function." MCB (2002):22(10), 3373-88. PMID: 11971970.

  100. Thin TH, Kim E, Yeh S, Sampson ER, Chen YT, Collin L, Basavappa R, and Chang C "Mutations in the helix 3 region of the androgen receptor abrogate ARA70 promotion of 17_-estradiol-induced androgen receptor transactivation." J. Biol. Chem. (2002):277(39):36499-508. PMID:12068007.

  101. Hsing A, Culig Z, Wang X, Uemura H and Chang C "The Expanded Poly-Q Length Within AR and AR Coregulator A1B1 And Their Clinical Implications." pp 245-264 in Androgens and Androgen Receptor: Mechanisms, Functions and Clinical Application. (Chang C ed). (2002):Kluwer, USA.

  102. Sampson E, Yeh S. Miyamoto H, Lee DK, Tsi, MY, Wang X, Hsu CL, and Chang C "Interaction of cell cycle regulatory proteins with the androgen receptor." pp 223-238 in Steroid hormones and cell cycle regulation. (Burnstein KL ed). (2002):Kluwer, USA.

  103. Lin HK, Hu YC, Altuwaijri S, Lin WJ ,Kan PY, Collins L, and Chang C "Proteasome activity is required for androgen receptor transcriptional activity via regulation of androgen receptor nuclear translocation and interaction with coregulators in prostate cancer cells." J. Biol. Chem. (2002):277, 36570-6. PMID:12119296.

  104. Lee Y, Lin WJ, Huang J, Messing E, C Kuo, Wilding G, and Chang C "Activation of MAP kinase pathway by the antiandrogen hydroxyflutamide in androgen receptor negative prostate cancer cells." Cancer Research (2002):62, 6039-44. PMID:12414626.

  105. Heinlein CA, and Chang C "The roles of AR and androgen binding proteins in nongenomic androgen actions." Mol. Endo. (2002):16(10), 2181-7. PMID: 12351684.

  106. Ohtsu H, Ishida J, Nagai M, Wang H, Itokawa H, Su C, Shih C, Chiang T, Chang E, Lee Y, Tsai M, Chang C and Lee K "Antitumor agents 217. Curcumin analogues as novel androgen receptor antagonists with potential as anti-prostate cancer agents." J. of Medicinal Chemistry (2002):45(23), 5037-42. PMID: 12408714.

  107. Shih C, Chang E, Zhang Y, Lai C, Su C, Chen Y, Chang H, Chiang T and Chang C "The use of a flow cytometry analysis in the study of different expression of androgen receptor in human prostate cancer LNCaP and PC-3 cells." New Taipei Journal of Medicine (2002):4, 151-8. PMID: none.

  108. Kang H, Huang KE, Chang S, Ma WL, Lin WJ and Chang C "Differential modulation of androgen receptor-mediated transactivation by Smad3 and tumor suppressor Smad4." J. Biol. Chem. (2002): 277, 43749-56. PMID:12226080.

  109. Lee DK and Chang C "Molecular communication between androgen receptor and general transcription machinery." JSBMB (2003):84(1), 41-9. PMID: 12648523.

  110. Thin TH, Wang L, Kim E, Collins LL, Basavappa R and Chang C "Isolation and characterization of androgen receptor mutant, AR(M749L), with hypersensitivity to the 17-beta estradiol treatment." J. Biol. Chem. (2003): 278(9):7699-708. PMID: 12499384.

  111. Rahman MM, Miyamoto H, Takatera H, Yeh S, Altuwaijri S and Chang C "Reducing the agonist activity of antiandrogens by a dominant-negative androgen receptor coregulator ARA70 mutant in prostate cancer cells." J. Biol. Chem. (2003):278(22),19619-26. PMID:12649293.

  112. Rahman MM, Miyamoto H, Lardy H and Chang C "Inactivation of androgen receptor (AR) coregulator ARA55 leads to an inhibition of AR transactivation and a reduction of the agonist activity of antiandrogens in prostate cancer cells." Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. (2003):100(9), 5124-9. PMID:12700349.

  113. Lee DK, Li M and Chang C "The second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II interacts with and enhances transactivation of androgen receptor." BBRC (2003):302(1), 162-9. PMID: 12593864.

  114. Miyamoto H, Marwah P, Lardy H and Chang C "3_-Acetoxyandrost-1,5-diene-17-ethylene ketal functions as a potent antiandrogen with marginal agonist activity." Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. (2003):100, 4440-4444. PMID:12672951.

  115. Lee HJ, Sampson ER, Hsu CL, Chen YT and Chang C "Androgen receptor." pp 87-101 in Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid receptors (Marija and Costas Demonacos ed). (2003) Research Signpost, India.

  116. Yang L, Wang L, Lin HK, Kan P, Xie S, Tsai MY, Wang PH, Chen YT and Chang C "Interleukin-6 differentially regulates androgen receptor transavtivation via PI3K-Akt, STAT3 and MAPK three distinct signal pathways in prostate cancer cells." BBRC. (2003):305(3), 462-9. PMID: 12763015.

  117. Lee H, and Chang C "Recent advances in the androgen receptor action." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. (2003):60(8), 1613-22. PMID: 14504652.

  118. Mu X and Chang C "TR2 orphan receptor functions as negative modulator for androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells PC-3." The Prostate. (2003):57(2), 129-33. PMID: 12949936.

  119. Heinlein CA, and Chang C "Induction and Repression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor alpha (PPAR±) Transcription by the Coregulator ARA70." Endocrine (2003):21(2), 139-46. PMID: 12897377.

  120. Kang HY, Tsai MY, Chang C and Huang KE "Mechanisms and clinical relevance of androgens and androgen receptor action." Chang Gung Medical J. (2003):26(6), 388-402. PMID: 12956285.

  121. Lee DK and Chang C "Expression and Degradation of Androgen Receptor: Mechanism and Clinical Implication." J Clin Endocrinol Metab. (2003):88, 4043-954. PMID: 12970260.

  122. Nishimura K, Ting HJ, Harada Y, Tokizane T, Nonomura N, Kang HY, Chang HC, Yeh S, Shin M, AozasaK, Okuyama A and Chang C "Modulation of androgen receptor transactivation by gelsolin: A new identified AR coregulator" Cancer Research. (2003):63, 4888-94. PMID:12941811.

  123. Altuwaijri S, Lin HK, Chuang KH, Lin WJ, Yeh S, Hanchett L, Rahman MM, Kang HY, Tsai MY, Zhang Y, Yang L, and Chang C "Interruption of NFkB Signaling by Androgen Receptor Facilitates TPA-induce apoptosis in an Androgen Sensitive Prostate Cancer Cell Line." Cancer Research. (2003):63, 7106-12. PMID:146503.

  124. Fu M, Rao M, Wang C, Sakamaki T, Wang J, Vizio DD, Zhang X, Albanese C, Balk S, Chang C Fan S, Rosen E, Palvimo J, Janne O, Muratoglu S, Avantaggiati ML and Pestell RG "Acetylation of androgen receptor enhances coactivator binding and promotes prostate cancer cell growth." MCB. (2003):23(23), 8563-73. PMID: 14612401.

  125. Ohtsu H, Itokawa H, Su CY, Shih C, Chiang T, Chang E, Lee YF, Chen YT, Chang C and Lee, KH. "Antitumor Agents 222. Synthesis and Anti-androgen Activity of New Diarylheptanoids." Bioorg. Med. Chem. (2003):11(23), 5083-90. PMID: 14604672.

  126. Lin H, Hu W, Yang L, Altuwaijri S, Chen YT, Kang HY and Chang C "Suppression vs induction of androgen receptor by the PI3K/Akt pathway in prostate cancer LNCaP cells with different passage numbers." J. Biol. Chem. (2003):19, 50902-7. PMID: 14555644.

  127. Miyamoto H, Rahman MM and Chang C "Molecular basis for the antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome" J. Cellular Biochemistry. (2004):91(1), 3-12. PMID: 14689576.

  128. Zhang Y, Yang Y, Yeh S and Chang C "ARA67 functions as a repressor to suppress androgen receptor transactivation." MCB. (2004):24, 1044-57. PMID:14729952.

  129. Yang L, Yeh SD, Xie S, Altuwaijri S, Ni J, Hu YC, Chen YT, Bao BY, Su CH and Chang C "Androgen suppresses PML protein expression in prostate cancer CWR22R cells" BBRC (2004):314(1), 69-75. PMID: 14715247.

  130. Heinlein CA and Chang C "Androgen receptor in prostate cancer." Endocrine Reviews. (2004):25, 276-308. PMID:15082523.

  131. Rahman M, Miyamoto H, and Chang C "Androgen Receptor Coregulators in Prostate Cancer Progression: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications." Clinical Cancer Research. (2004):10(7), 2208-19. PMID: 15073094.

  132. Wang L, Hsu CL, Ni J, Wang PH, Yeh S, Ken P and Chang C "Human checkpoint protein hRad9 functions as a negative coregulator to repress androgen receptor transactivation in prostate cancer cells" MCB. (2004):24, 2202-13. PMID:14966297.

  133. Litvinov I, Chang C and Isaacs J. "Molecular characterization of commonly-used human androgen receptor expression vector, pSG5-AR" The Prostate. (2004):58(4), 319-24. PMID: 14968432.

  134. Miyamoto H, Messing E and Chang C "Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Current Status and Future Prospects." The Prostate. (2004):61(4), 332-53. PMID: 15389811.

  135. Xie S, Lin HK, Ni J, Wang L, Yang L, di Sant'Agnese PA, and Chang C "Regulation of interleukin-6 mediated P13K activation and neurendocrine diffrentiation by androgen signaling in prostate cancer LNCaP cells." The Prostate. (2004):60(1), 61-7. PMID: 15129430.

  136. Mu X, Liu NC, Chen YT, Collins L, Kim E, Shyr CR, Lee YF and Chang C "Target inactivation of TR4 orphan receptor delays and disrupts late meiotic prophase and subsequent meiotic divisions of spermatogenesis" MCB. (2004):24, 5887-99. PMID:15199144.

  137. Wang L, Lin HK, Hu YC, Mu X, Xie S, and Chang C "Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3² Negatively Regulates Androgen Receptor-Dependent Transcription and Cell Growth." JBC. (2004):279, 32444-52. PMID:15178691.

  138. Lin H, Hu W, Lee K and Chang C "Regulation of androgen receptor signaling by PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) tumor suppressor through distinct mechanisms in prostate cancer cells." Mol.Endo.(2004):18, 2409-23. PMID:15205473.

  139. Hu YC, Yeh S, Yeh SD, Sampson E, Li P, Hsu CL, Ting H, Lin H, Wang L, Kim E and Chang C "Functional Domain and Motif analyses of androgen receptor coregulator ARA70 and its differential expression in prostate cancer." JBC (2004):279, 33438-46. PMID:15166229.

  140. Ting HJ, Hu YC, and Chang C "Actin monomer enhances supervillin-modulated androgen receptor transactivation." BBRC (2004):319(2), 393-6. PMID: 15178419.

  141. Hsu CL, Chen YL, Ting HJ, Lin WJ, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wu CT, Chang HC, Yeh S, Pimplikar SW, Chang C. "Androgen receptor (AR) NH2- and COOH-terminal interactions result in the differential influences on the AR-mediated transactivation and cell growth". Mol Endo. (2005):19(2):350-61. PMID:15514032.

  142. Wang l, Hsu CL and Chang C "Androgen receptor corepressors: an overview." The Prostate. (2005):63(2), 117-30. PMID: 15486994.

  143. Miyamoto H and Chang C "Hormonal therapy for prostate cancer: clinical and experimental evidence." pp 1-32. in Prostate Cancer: Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. (Chang C ed). (2005):World Scientific. USA.

  144. Yang L, Xie S, Jamaluddin MS, Altuwaijri S, Ni J, Kim E, Chen YT, Hu YC, Wang L, Chuang KH, Wu CT, Chang C "Induction of Androgen Receptor Expression by Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Downstream Substrate, FOXO3a, and Their Roles in Apoptosis of LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells." JBC. (2005):280(39):33558-65. PMID: 16061480.

  145. Chuang KH, Lee YF, Lin WJ, Chu CY, Altuwaijri S, Wan YY and Chang C "9-Cis-Retinoic Acid Inhibits Androgen Receptor Activity Through Activation of Retinoid X Receptor." Mol Endo. (2005):19(5):1200-12. PMID:15650026.

  146. Wu C, Yeh S, Xu Q, Yang Z, Chang P, Yu Y, and Chang C "Study of androgen receptor roles in prostate cancer using mice lacking functional prostate androgen receptor" pp 223-238 in Prostate Cancer: Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. (Chang C ed). (2005):World Scientific. USA.

  147. Miyamoto H, messing E and Chang C "Does androgen deprivation therapy improve treatment outcomes in patients with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer" Nature Clinical Pratice: Oncology. (2005):2. 236-7. PMID:16264955.

  148. Miyamoto H, Altuwaijri S, Cai Y, Messing E and Chang C "Inhibition of the Akt, cyclooxygenase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 pathways in combination with androgen deprivation therapy: Potential therapeutic approaches for prostate cancer." Mol Carcinogen. (2005):44(1):1-10. PMID: 16044418.

  149. Fujimoto N, Chang C, Nomura M and Matsumoto T "Can we prevent prostate cancer? Rationale and current status of prostate cancer chemoprevention." Urol. Int. (2005):74(4), 289-97. PMID: 15897691.

  150. Miyamoto H, Marwah P, Marwah A, Yang Z, Chung CY , Altuwaijri1 S, Chang C and Henry Lardy "Identification of steroid derivatives that function as potent antiandrogens" Int. J. Cancer (2005):117(5), 866-72. PMID: 15981214.

  151. Marwah P, Marwah A, Lardy H, Miyamoto H and Chang C "C19-Steroids as androgen receptor modulators: Design, discovery, and structure-activity relationship of new steroidal androgen receptor antagonists" Bioorganic & Medical Chemistry. (2006):14(17). 5933-47. PMID: 16759873.

  152. Yang Z, Chang YJ, Miyamoto H, Ni J, Niu Y, Chen Z, Chen YL, Yao JL, Sant'Agnese A and Chang C "Transgelin functions as a suppressor via inhibition of ARA54-enhanced androgen receptor transactivation and prostate cancer cell growth" Mol. Endo. (2006):21(2):343-58. PMID:17082327.

  153. Yang Z, Chang YJ, Miyamoto H, Yeh S, Yao YL, di Sant'Agnese PA, Tsai MY, and Chang C "Suppression of androgen receptor transactivation and prostate cancer cell growth by heterogeneous nuclear ribonuleoprotein A1 via interaction with AR coregulator ARA54" Endocrinology. (2006):148(3):1340-9. PMID:17227886.

  154. Altuwaijri S, Wu CC, Niu Y, Chang HC, and Chang C "Expression of human AR cDNA driven by its own promoter results in mild promotion but not suppression of growth in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells." AJA. (2007):9 (2): 181-8. PMID: 17334587.

  155. Wu CT, Altuwaijri S, Ricke WA, Huang SP, Yeh S, Zhang C, Niu Y, Tsai MY , and Chang C "Increased prostate cell proliferation and loss of cell differentiation in mice lacking prostate epithelial androgen receptor" PNAS . (2007):104(31):12679-84. PMID:17652515.

  156. Miyamoto H, Altuwaijri S and Chang C "Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer" Prostate Cancer: Signaling Networks, Genetics, and New Treatment Strategies (Pestell R and Nevalainen ed) (2008):pp 129-146.

  157. Cai Y, Lee YF, Li G, Liu S, Bao BY, Huang J, Hsu CL and Chang C. "A new prostate cancer therapeutic approach: Combination of androgen ablation with COX-2 inhibitor" Int J Cancer. (2008):123(1), 195-201. PMID: 18386814.

  158. Ting HJ and Chang C "Actin Associated Proteins Function as Androgen Receptor Coregulators: An Implication of Androgen Receptor's Roles in Skeletal Muscle" The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. (2008):111(3-5):157-63. PMID: 18590822.

  159. Niu Y, Yeh S, Miyamoto H, Li G, Altuwaijri S, Yuan J, Han R, Ma T, Kuo HC and Chang C "Tissue prostate specific antigen (PSA) facilitates refractory prostate tumor progression via enhancing ARA70-regulated androgen receptor transactivation" Cancer Research., (2008):68: (17), 7110-19. PMID:1857426. PMC2587124. NIHMSID # 58471.

  160. Niu Y, Altuwaijri S, Lai KP, Wu CT, Ricke WA, Messing EM, Yao J, Yeh S and Chang C "Androgen receptor is a tumor suppressor and proliferator in prostate cancer", PNAS, (2008):105(34):12182-7. PMID:18723679. PMC2527886.

  161. Niu Y, Altuwaijri S, Yeh S, Lai KP, Yu S, Chuang KH, Huang SP, Lardy H and Chang C "Targeting the stromal androgen receptor in primary prostate tumors at earlier stages" PNAS, (2008):105(34):12188-93. PMID:18723670. PMC2527887.

  162. Yu SQ, Lai KP, Xia SJ, Chang HC, Chang C and Yeh S. "The diverse and contrasting effects of using human prostate cancer cell lines to study androgen receptor roles in prostate cance" AJA. (2008):11(1):39-48.PMID: 19098932.

  163. Chen M, Hsu I, Wolfe A, Radovick S, Huang K, Yu S, Chang C, Messing EM and Yeh S."Defects of Prostate Development and Reproductive System in the ER{alpha} Null Male Mice." Endocrinology. (2009): 150(1):251-9, PMID: 18755802.

  164. Chuang KH, Altuwaijri S, Li G, Lai JJ, Chu CY, Lin YH, Lai KP, Hsu JW, Kang P, Wu MC, and Chang C “Neutropenia with impaired host defense against microbial infection in mice lacking androgen receptor” JEM, (2009);206(5):1181-99. PMID: 19414555.

  165. Kang HY, Huang HY, Hsieh CY, Li CF, Shyr CR, Tsai MY, Chang C, Chuang YC, Huang KE. “Activin A Enhances Prostate Cancer Cell Migration via Activation of Androgen Receptor and Is Overexpressed in Metastatic Prostate Cancer” JBMR. (2009): 24(7):1180-93. PMID: 19257827.

  166. Yeh S, Niu Y, Miyamoto H, Chang T and Chang C “Differential Roles of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Development and Cancer Progression” pp 73-89 in Androgen Action in Prostate Cancer, (Tindall D and Mohler J ed): (2009) World Scientific. USA.

  167. Zhang L, Altuwaijri S, Deng F, Chen L, Lal P, Bhanot UK, Korets R, Wenske S, Lilja HG, Chang C, Scher HI, Gerald WL "NF-{kappa}B Regulates Androgen Receptor Expression and Prostate Cancer Growth" Am J Pathol.(2009); PMID: 19628766.

  168. Shyr CR, Tsai MY, Yeh S, Kang HY, Chang YC, Wong PL, Huang CC, Huang KE and Chang C "Tumor suppressor PAX6 functions as androgen receptor Co-repressor to inhibit prostate cancer growth" Prostate. (2009). PMID: 19790232

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