Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Blood)
Does this test have other names?
RMSF, Rocky Mountain spotted fever antibodies, indirect immunofluorescence antibody
(IFA) assay for immunoglobulin G (IgG)
What is this test?
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) testing includes a blood sample used to look for
proteins (antibodies) that the body makes to fight RMSF infections. RMSF is a serious
bacterial infection caused by a bite from an infected tick. In most people, antibodies
can't be found until at least a week after infection.
A blood sample is taken about 1 week after symptoms appear and again 2 to 4 weeks
later.
Why do I need this test?
You may need this test if your healthcare provider wants to confirm a diagnosis of
RMSF and to see how well treatment is working. Symptoms of RMSF include:
What other tests might I have along with this test?
You might need other blood tests. These might include a complete blood cell count
and a chemistry panel. A low platelet count, low sodium level, or higher liver enzymes
could mean RMSF. If you have a skin rash, your healthcare provider may order a skin
biopsy to look for bacterial infection in the cells that line your blood vessels.
What do my test results mean?
Test results may vary depending on your age, gender, health history, and other things.
Your test results may be different depending on the lab used. They may not mean you
have a problem. Ask your healthcare provider what your test results mean for you.
If your first test results are negative, it's still possible you are infected. A second
test will likely be done a few weeks after the first one. It's critical to start treatment
right away, so your provider may suggest treatment even if your first results are
negative. They will have you repeat the test in a week or two.
Healthcare providers look for a rise in the antibodies. If the second test shows a
significant rise in antibodies, it can confirm that you have RMSF.
The antibodies may stay at higher levels for months or even years after infection.
How is this test done?
The test is done with a blood sample. A needle is used to draw blood from a vein in
your arm or hand.
Does this test pose any risks?
Having a blood test with a needle carries some risks. These include bleeding, infection,
bruising, and feeling lightheaded. When the needle pricks your arm or hand, you may
feel a slight sting or pain. Afterward, the site may be sore.
What might affect my test results?
Antigens may be present in your blood if you have been exposed to related organisms.
Antibiotic treatment also can affect your test results.
How do I get ready for this test?
You don't need to get ready for this test. Be sure your healthcare provider knows
about all medicines, herbs, vitamins, and supplements you are taking. This includes
medicines that don't need a prescription and any illegal drugs you may use.