Tibial Torsion

Internal tibial torsion is an inward twisting of the shinbones. These bones are located between the knee and the ankle. Tibial torsion causes a child's feet to turn inward. The child may look pigeon-toed (intoeing). It is typically seen among toddlers.

Causes of Internal Tibial Torsion

Internal tibial torsion can happen because of the position of the baby in the uterus. It also tends to run in families. Typically, a child's walking style looks like that of their parents.

Symptoms of Internal Tibial Torsion

The symptoms of internal tibial torsion may include:

• Inward-facing toes, or pigeon-toed (intoeing) appearance
• Bowed legs

The bowed leg stance actually helps the child stay balanced as they stand. Balance isn't as steady when the child tries to stand and walk with the feet close together or with the feet turned out. They may trip and fall.

Diagnosing Internal Tibial Torsion

Your child's doctor can diagnose internal tibial torsion with a physical exam. During the exam, they may ask about your child's birth and health history and if other family members have the condition. Your child probably won't need X-rays.

Treating Internal Tibial Torsion

Treatment will depend on your child's symptoms, age, and general health. It will also depend on how bad the condition is.

This condition often gets better with time. As the child grows, walking will become more normal, usually by age 4. If the case is severe, treatment may help straighten the shinbones. Treatment may include:

• Orthotic shoes or shoe inserts
• Casting or leg braces
• Surgery