Timothy P. Bushnell, Ph.D.
Contact
Timothy P. Bushnell, Ph.D.
About Me
Early Career and Facility Leadership
In 2003, Bushnell was hired to build a flow cytometry facility from scratch for the Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research, starting with two new digital instruments and growing it into a full-service resource with a training program, quality systems, billing, and a client base that expanded well beyond its original pediatric research mandate. In 2007, he led a committee to modernize the University of Rochester's flow cytometry resources, and in 2008 became Director of the combined Flow Cytometry Resource for the entire Medical Center. Under his direction, the facility grew from two aging analyzers into a program with seven analyzers, an ImageStreamX imaging cytometer, a Helios mass cytometer, two Cytek spectral analyzers, and three high-speed cell sorters, along with the SOPs, daily sterility testing, and troubleshooting records needed to run it reliably.
Expanding Into Shared Research Infrastructure
In 2012, Bushnell was appointed Director of the University of Rochester's Shared Resource Laboratories, broadening his role beyond flow cytometry to oversee a wider portfolio of core facilities. That role evolved further in 2021 into his current position as Director of the Center for Advanced Research Technologies (CART), which now spans ten shared resource laboratories covering genomics, flow cytometry, metabolomics, mass spectrometry, microscopy, cryo-EM, elemental analysis, and biobanking. He continues to serve as Scientific Director of the Flow Cytometry Resource and, since 2018, as Co-Director of the Wilmot Cytometry Shared Resource at the Wilmot Cancer Institute. He is also Associate Professor of Pediatrics, a position he has held since 2018, following seven years as Assistant Professor in Pediatrics and Oncology.
Entrepreneurship and Field Leadership
Alongside his university role, Bushnell co-founded Expert Cytometry in 2012, a training and consulting company built to extend flow cytometry education beyond his own institution, and has worked with enterprise customers including MedImmune and Novo Nordisk. His service to the broader field goes back further still: he was Councilor (2008-2012) and then Secretary (2012-2016) of the International Society for the Advancement of Cytometry, served as President of the Great Lakes International Imaging and Flow Cytometry Association, and founded the Western New York Flow Cytometry Users Group in 2004. Since 2019, he has been part of the Northeast Laboratory Scientists and Core Directors organizing committee. Most recently, in 2025, he joined the Executive Board of the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF), where he has focused on fiscal sustainability, career recognition for core facility staff, and expanded member benefits.
The MBA fits into this history for a practical reason: managing seven analyzers, a growing staff, and eventually ten laboratories takes a different skill set than running experiments, and Bushnell went back to school to build it.
Faculty Appointments
Associate Professor - Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research (SMD)
Director, Shared Resource Laboratories - Dean's Office M&D - Administration (SMD)
Credentials
Post-doctoral Training & Residency
Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 1998 - 2003
Education
MBA | Simon Business School, University of Rochester. STEM concentration. 2020
PhD | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Biology. 1999
PhD | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Biology. 1999
BS | Cornell University. Biochemistry. 1990
BS | Cornell University. Biochemistry. 1990
Awards
American Society of Microbiology Student Travel Grant Award 1996
American Society of Microbiology Student Travel Grant Award 1995
Young Investigator Award 1995
Eagle Scout 1983
Research
Research Interests
Bushnell's research focuses on the technical optimization of high-parameter cytometry (conventional, spectral, imaging, and mass cytometry) for resolving rare and complex cell populations. One line of work examines the analytical foundations of high-dimensional flow: instrument characterization, fluorochrome panel design, spectral overlap, and unmixing accuracy, including how these factors affect data spread and resolution as panels scale beyond 20 colors.
A second line combines rare-event detection with functional assays (reactive oxygen species, cell cycle, mitochondrial activity, apoptosis) layered onto immunophenotyping, to isolate and characterize biologically meaningful subpopulations for culture, transplantation, and genomic analysis. This work has spanned leukemia stem and progenitor cell biology, erythroid lineage development (including the pyrenocyte, discovered during studies of red cell enucleation), and, more recently, single-cell approaches to aging.
A third interest is imaging cytometry as a bridge between flow and morphology. It dates to one of the first core-facility deployments of the Amnis ImageStream in 2006 and continues today in spatial proteomics work. Alongside bench science, Bushnell has also focused on the infrastructure side: the operational, quality-control, and training systems that enable core facilities to work as scientific partners rather than fee-for-service labs. That approach grew from a single flow facility into CART's ten-laboratory portfolio, spanning cytometry, genomics, microscopy, mass spectrometry, and metabolomics.
Selected Publications
- Bhowmick D, Bushnell TP. Impact of Panel Size, Fluorochrome Selection, and Unmixing Algorithms on Ultra-High Parameter Flow Cytometry Analysis. *Cytometry A*. 2025;107(10):683-694.
- Tam LM, Bushnell T. Deciphering the aging process through single-cell cytometric technologies. *Cytometry A*. 2024;105(8):621-638.
- Bhowmick D, Bushnell TP. How to Measure "Spillover Spread." *Methods Mol Biol*. 2024;2779:69-83.
- Bhowmick D, Sheridan RTC, Bushnell TP, Spalding KL. Practical Guidelines for Optimization and Characterization of the Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX™ Platform. *Cytometry A*. 2020;97(8):800-810.
- McGrath KE, Kingsley PD, Koniski AD, Porter RL, Bushnell TP, Palis J. Enucleation of primitive erythroid cells generates a transient population of "pyrenocytes" in the mammalian fetus. *Blood*. 2008;111(4):2409-2417.
- Guzman ML, Li X, Corbett CA, Rossi RM, Bushnell T, et al. Rapid and selective death of leukemia stem and progenitor cells induced by the compound 4-benzyl, 2-methyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolidine, 3,5-dione (TDZD-8). *Blood*. 2007;110(13):4436-4444.
Full publication list: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/timothy.bushnell.1/bibliography/47905291/public/
**Professional Service**
Bushnell serves on the Executive Board of the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF), and has held leadership roles with the International Society for the Advancement of Cytometry (Councilor, then Secretary) and the Great Lakes International Imaging and Flow Cytometry Association (President). He co-founded the Northeast Laboratory Scientists and Core Directors group and the flow cytometry training company Expert Cytometry.
Publications
Journal Articles
Bhowmick D, Bushnell TP
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology.. 2025 October 107 (10):683-694. Epub 09/17/2025.
Tam LM, Bushnell T
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology.. 2024 August 105 (8):621-638. Epub 06/07/2024.
Bandyopadhyay G, Jehrio MG, Baker C, Bhattacharya S, Misra RS, Huyck HL, Chu CY, Myers JR, Ashton J, Polter S, Cochran M, Bushnell T, Dutra J, Katzman PJ, Deutsch GH, Mariani TJ, Pryhuber GS
American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.. 2024 May 1326 (5):L604-L617. Epub 03/05/2024.
Bhowmick D, Bushnell TP
Methods in molecular biology.. 2024 2779 :69-83. Epub 1900 01 01.
Bhowmick D, Sheridan RTC, Bushnell TP, Spalding KL
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology.. 2020 August 97 (8):800-810. Epub 03/09/2020.
Cossarizza A, Chang HD, Radbruch A, Acs A, Adam D, Adam-Klages S, Agace WW, Aghaeepour N, Akdis M, Allez M, Almeida LN, Alvisi G, Anderson G, Andrä I, Annunziato F, Anselmo A, Bacher P, Baldari CT, Bari S, Barnaba V, Barros-Martins J, Battistini L, Bauer W, Baumgart S, Baumgarth N, Baumjohann D, Baying B, Bebawy M, Becher B, Beisker W, Benes V, Beyaert R, Blanco A, Boardman DA, Bogdan C, Borger JG, Borsellino G, Boulais PE, Bradford JA, Brenner D, Brinkman RR, Brooks AES, Busch DH, Büscher M, Bushnell TP, Calzetti F, Cameron G, Cammarata I, Cao X, Cardell SL, Casola S, Cassatella MA, Cavani A, Celada A, Chatenoud L, Chattopadhyay PK, Chow S, Christakou E, ?i?in-Šain L, Clerici M, Colombo FS, Cook L, Cooke A, Cooper AM, Corbett AJ, Cosma A, Cosmi L, Coulie PG, Cumano A, Cvetkovic L, Dang VD, Dang-Heine C, Davey MS, Davies D, De Biasi S, Del Zotto G, Dela Cruz GV, Delacher M, Della Bella S, Dellabona P, Deniz G, Dessing M, Di Santo JP, Diefenbach A, Dieli F, Dolf A, Dörner T, Dress RJ, Dudziak D, Dustin M, Dutertre CA, Ebner F, Eckle SBG, Edinger M, Eede P, Ehrhardt GRA, Eich M, Engel P, Engelhardt B, Erdei A, Esser C, Everts B, Evrard M, Falk CS, Fehniger TA, Felipo-Benavent M, Ferry H, Feuerer M, Filby A, Filkor K, Fillatreau S, Follo M, Förster I, Foster J, Foulds GA, Frehse B, Frenette PS, Frischbutter S, Fritzsche W, Galbraith DW, Gangaev A, Garbi N, Gaudilliere B, Gazzinelli RT, Geginat J, Gerner W, Gherardin NA, Ghoreschi K, Gibellini L, Ginhoux F, Goda K, Godfrey DI, Goettlinger C, González-Navajas JM, Goodyear CS, Gori A, Grogan JL, Grummitt D, Grützkau A, Haftmann C, Hahn J, Hammad H, Hämmerling G, Hansmann L, Hansson G, Harpur CM, Hartmann S, Hauser A, Hauser AE, Haviland DL, Hedley D, Hernández DC, Herrera G, Herrmann M, Hess C, Höfer T, Hoffmann P, Hogquist K, Holland T, Höllt T, Holmdahl R, Hombrink P, Houston JP, Hoyer BF, Huang B, Huang FP, Huber JE, Huehn J, Hundemer M, Hunter CA, Hwang WYK, Iannone A, Ingelfinger F, Ivison SM, Jäck HM, Jani PK, Jávega B, Jonjic S, Kaiser T, Kalina T, Kamradt T, Kaufmann SHE, Keller B, Ketelaars SLC, Khalilnezhad A, Khan S, Kisielow J, Klenerman P, Knopf J, Koay HF, Kobow K, Kolls JK, Kong WT, Kopf M, Korn T, Kriegsmann K, Kristyanto H, Kroneis T, Krueger A, Kühne J, Kukat C, Kunkel D, Kunze-Schumacher H, Kurosaki T, Kurts C, Kvistborg P, Kwok I, Landry J, Lantz O, Lanuti P, LaRosa F, Lehuen A, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Leipold MD, Leung LYT, Levings MK, Lino AC, Liotta F, Litwin V, Liu Y, Ljunggren HG, Lohoff M, Lombardi G, Lopez L, López-Botet M, Lovett-Racke AE, Lubberts E, Luche H, Ludewig B, Lugli E, Lunemann S, Maecker HT, Maggi L, Maguire O, Mair F, Mair KH, Mantovani A, Manz RA, Marshall AJ, Martínez-Romero A, Martrus G, Marventano I, Maslinski W, Matarese G, Mattioli AV, Maueröder C, Mazzoni A, McCluskey J, McGrath M, McGuire HM, McInnes IB, Mei HE, Melchers F, Melzer S, Mielenz D, Miller SD, Mills KHG, Minderman H, Mjösberg J, Moore J, Moran B, Moretta L, Mosmann TR, Müller S, Multhoff G, Muñoz LE, Münz C, Nakayama T, Nasi M, Neumann K, Ng LG, Niedobitek A, Nourshargh S, Núñez G, O'Connor JE, Ochel A, Oja A, Ordonez D, Orfao A, Orlowski-Oliver E, Ouyang W, Oxenius A, Palankar R, Panse I, Pattanapanyasat K, Paulsen M, Pavlinic D, Penter L, Peterson P, Peth C, Petriz J, Piancone F, Pickl WF, Piconese S, Pinti M, Pockley AG, Podolska MJ, Poon Z, Pracht K, Prinz I, Pucillo CEM, Quataert SA, Quatrini L, Quinn KM, Radbruch H, Radstake TRDJ, Rahmig S, Rahn HP, Rajwa B, Ravichandran G, Raz Y, Rebhahn JA, Recktenwald D, Reimer D, Reis E Sousa C, Remmerswaal EBM, Richter L, Rico LG, Riddell A, Rieger AM, Robinson JP, Romagnani C, Rubartelli A, Ruland J, Saalmüller A, Saeys Y, Saito T, Sakaguchi S, Sala-de-Oyanguren F, Samstag Y, Sanderson S, Sandrock I, Santoni A, Sanz RB, Saresella M, Sautes-Fridman C, Sawitzki B, Schadt L, Scheffold A, Scherer HU, Schiemann M, Schildberg FA, Schimisky E, Schlitzer A, Schlosser J, Schmid S, Schmitt S, Schober K, Schraivogel D, Schuh W, Schüler T, Schulte R, Schulz AR, Schulz SR, Scottá C, Scott-Algara D, Sester DP, Shankey TV, Silva-Santos B, Simon AK, Sitnik KM, Sozzani S, Speiser DE, Spidlen J, Stahlberg A, Stall AM, Stanley N, Stark R, Stehle C, Steinmetz T, Stockinger H, Takahama Y, Takeda K, Tan L, Tárnok A, Tiegs G, Toldi G, Tornack J, Traggiai E, Trebak M, Tree TIM, Trotter J, Trowsdale J, Tsoumakidou M, Ulrich H, Urbanczyk S, van de Veen W, van den Broek M, van der Pol E, Van Gassen S, Van Isterdael G, van Lier RAW, Veldhoen M, Vento-Asturias S, Vieira P, Voehringer D, Volk HD, von Borstel A, von Volkmann K, Waisman A, Walker RV, Wallace PK, Wang SA, Wang XM, Ward MD, Ward-Hartstonge KA, Warnatz K, Warnes G, Warth S, Waskow C, Watson JV, Watzl C, Wegener L, Weisenburger T, Wiedemann A, Wienands J, Wilharm A, Wilkinson RJ, Willimsky G, Wing JB, Winkelmann R, Winkler TH, Wirz OF, Wong A, Wurst P, Yang JHM, Yang J, Yazdanbakhsh M, Yu L, Yue A, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Ziegler SM, Zielinski C, Zimmermann J, Zychlinsky A
European journal of immunology.. 2019 October 49 (10):1457-1973. Epub 1900 01 01.
Bandyopadhyay G, Huyck HL, Misra RS, Bhattacharya S, Wang Q, Mereness J, Lillis JA, Myers JR, Ashton J, Bushnell T, Cochran M, Holden-Wiltse J, Katzman P, Deutsch GH, Whitsett JA, Xu Y, Mariani TJ, Pryhuber GS
American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.. 2018 October 1315 (4):L576-L583. Epub 07/05/2018.
Kyle JE, Clair G, Bandyopadhyay G, Misra RS, Zink EM, Bloodsworth KJ, Shukla AK, Du Y, Lillis J, Myers JR, Ashton J, Bushnell T, Cochran M, Deutsch G, Baker ES, Carson JP, Mariani TJ, Xu Y, Whitsett JA, Pryhuber G, Ansong C
Scientific reports.. 2018 September 78 (1):13455. Epub 09/07/2018.
Hazen AL, Bushnell T, Haviland DL
Methods : a companion to Methods in enzymology.. 2018 February 1134-135 :130-135. Epub 01/31/2018.
Cossarizza A, Chang HD, Radbruch A, Andrä I, Annunziato F, Bacher P, Barnaba V, Battistini L, Bauer WM, Baumgart S, Becher B, Beisker W, Berek C, Blanco A, Borsellino G, Boulais PE, Brinkman RR, Büscher M, Busch DH, Bushnell TP, Cao X, Cavani A, Chattopadhyay PK, Cheng Q, Chow S, Clerici M, Cooke A, Cosma A, Cosmi L, Cumano A, Dang VD, Davies D, De Biasi S, Del Zotto G, Della Bella S, Dellabona P, Deniz G, Dessing M, Diefenbach A, Di Santo J, Dieli F, Dolf A, Donnenberg VS, Dörner T, Ehrhardt GRA, Endl E, Engel P, Engelhardt B, Esser C, Everts B, Falk CS, Fehniger TA, Filby A, Fillatreau S, Follo M, Förster I, Foster J, Foulds GA, Frenette PS, Galbraith D, Garbi N, García-Godoy MD, Ghoreschi K, Gibellini L, Goettlinger C, Goodyear CS, Gori A, Grogan J, Gross M, Grützkau A, Grummitt D, Hahn J, Hammer Q, Hauser AE, Haviland DL, Hedley D, Herrera G, Herrmann M, Hiepe F, Holland T, Hombrink P, Houston JP, Hoyer BF, Huang B, Hunter CA, Iannone A, Jäck HM, Jávega B, Jonjic S, Juelke K, Jung S, Kaiser T, Kalina T, Keller B, Khan S, Kienhöfer D, Kroneis T, Kunkel D, Kurts C, Kvistborg P, Lannigan J, Lantz O, Larbi A, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Leipold MD, Levings MK, Litwin V, Liu Y, Lohoff M, Lombardi G, Lopez L, Lovett-Racke A, Lubberts E, Ludewig B, Lugli E, Maecker HT, Martrus G, Matarese G, Maueröder C, McGrath M, McInnes I, Mei HE, Melchers F, Melzer S, Mielenz D, Mills K, Mjösberg J, Moore J, Moran B, Moretta A, Moretta L, Mosmann TR, Müller S, Müller W, Münz C, Multhoff G, Munoz LE, Murphy KM, Nakayama T, Nasi M, Neudörfl C, Nolan J, Nourshargh S, O'Connor JE, Ouyang W, Oxenius A, Palankar R, Panse I, Peterson P, Peth C, Petriz J, Philips D, Pickl W, Piconese S, Pinti M, Pockley AG, Podolska MJ, Pucillo C, Quataert SA, Radstake TRDJ, Rajwa B, Rebhahn JA, Recktenwald D, Remmerswaal EBM, Rezvani K, Rico LG, Robinson JP, Romagnani C, Rubartelli A, Ruland J, Sakaguchi S, Sala-de-Oyanguren F, Samstag Y, Sanderson S, Sawitzki B, Scheffold A, Schiemann M, Schildberg F, Schimisky E, Schmid SA, Schmitt S, Schober K, Schüler T, Schulz AR, Schumacher T, Scotta C, Shankey TV, Shemer A, Simon AK, Spidlen J, Stall AM, Stark R, Stehle C, Stein M, Steinmetz T, Stockinger H, Takahama Y, Tarnok A, Tian Z, Toldi G, Tornack J, Traggiai E, Trotter J, Ulrich H, van der Braber M, van Lier RAW, Veldhoen M, Vento-Asturias S, Vieira P, Voehringer D, Volk HD, von Volkmann K, Waisman A, Walker R, Ward MD, Warnatz K, Warth S, Watson JV, Watzl C, Wegener L, Wiedemann A, Wienands J, Willimsky G, Wing J, Wurst P, Yu L, Yue A, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Ziegler S, Zimmermann J
European journal of immunology.. 2017 October 47 (10):1584-1797. Epub 1900 01 01.
Misra RS, Bhattacharya S, Huyck HL, Wang JE, Slaunwhite CG, Slaunwhite SL, Wightman TR, Secor-Socha S, Misra SK, Bushnell TP, Reynolds AM, Ryan RM, Quataert SA, Pryhuber GS, Mariani TJ
Journal of immunological methods.. 2016 October 437 :13-20. Epub 07/18/2016.
Kingsley PD, Greenfest-Allen E, Frame JM, Bushnell TP, Malik J, McGrath KE, Stoeckert CJ, Palis J
Blood.. 2013 February 7121 (6):e5-e13. Epub 12/12/2012.
Williams MA, Bauer S, Lu W, Guo J, Walter S, Bushnell TP, Lillehoj EP, Georas SN
Journal of innate immunity.. 2010 2 (2):123-43. Epub 11/02/2009.
Palapattu GS, Wu C, Silvers CR, Martin HB, Williams K, Salamone L, Bushnell T, Huang LS, Yang Q, Huang J
The Prostate.. 2009 May 1569 (7):787-98. Epub 1900 01 01.
Teodori L, Bushnell T, Campanella L, Tárnok A
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology.. 2008 December 73A (12):1109-10. Epub 1900 01 01.
Wang PY, Young F, Chen CY, Stevens BM, Neering SJ, Rossi RM, Bushnell T, Kuzin I, Heinrich D, Bottaro A, Jordan CT
Blood.. 2008 November 15112 (10):4184-92. Epub 08/28/2008.
McGrath KE, Bushnell TP, Palis J
Journal of immunological methods.. 2008 July 31336 (2):91-7. Epub 05/15/2008.
Enos ME, Bancos SA, Bushnell T, Crispe IN
The Journal of immunology : official journal of the American Association of Immunologists.. 2008 March 15180 (6):3699-707. Epub 1900 01 01.
Ryan EP, Bushnell TP, Friedman AE, Rahman I, Phipps RP
Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII.. 2008 March 57 (3):347-58. Epub 08/01/2007.
McGrath KE, Kingsley PD, Koniski AD, Porter RL, Bushnell TP, Palis J
Blood.. 2008 February 15111 (4):2409-17. Epub 11/21/2007.
Guzman ML, Li X, Corbett CA, Rossi RM, Bushnell T, Liesveld JL, Hébert J, Young F, Jordan CT
Blood.. 2007 December 15110 (13):4436-44. Epub 09/04/2007.
Neering SJ, Bushnell T, Sozer S, Ashton J, Rossi RM, Wang PY, Bell DR, Heinrich D, Bottaro A, Jordan CT
Blood.. 2007 October 1110 (7):2578-85. Epub 06/29/2007.
Graf B, Bushnell T, Miller J
The Journal of immunology : official journal of the American Association of Immunologists.. 2007 August 1179 (3):1616-24. Epub 1900 01 01.
Neff-LaFord H, Teske S, Bushnell TP, Lawrence BP
The Journal of immunology : official journal of the American Association of Immunologists.. 2007 July 1179 (1):247-55. Epub 1900 01 01.
Kingsley PD, Malik J, Emerson RL, Bushnell TP, McGrath KE, Bloedorn LA, Bulger M, Palis J
Blood.. 2006 February 15107 (4):1665-72. Epub 11/01/2005.
Xing L, Bushnell TP, Carlson L, Tai Z, Tondravi M, Siebenlist U, Young F, Boyce BF
Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.. 2002 July 17 (7):1200-10. Epub 1900 01 01.
Kuzin II, Snyder JE, Ugine GD, Wu D, Lee S, Bushnell T, Insel RA, Young FM, Bottaro A
International immunology.. 2001 July 13 (7):921-31. Epub 1900 01 01.
Bushnell TP, Bushnell D, Jagendorf AT
Plant physiology.. 1993 October 103 (2):585-591. Epub 1900 01 01.
Books
Pathobiology of Human Disease (2014)
Chapter: Inside the Flow Cytometer:Hardware
Authors: Tim Bushnell, Joe Trotter
Publisher: Elsevier 2014