Helmut U. Klein, M.D.

Long-term benefit of primary prevention with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: an extended 8-year follow-up study of the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II.

Goldenberg I, Gillespie J, Moss AJ, Hall WJ, Klein H, McNitt S, Brown MW, Cygankiewicz I, Zareba W,

Circulation.. 2010 September 28122 (13):1265-71. Epub 09/13/2010.

Bridging a temporary high risk of sudden arrhythmic death. Experience with the wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD).

Klein HU, Meltendorf U, Reek S, Smid J, Kuss S, Cygankiewicz I, Jons C, Szymkiewicz S, Buhtz F, Wollbrueck A, Zareba W, Moss AJ

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2010 March 33 (3):353-67. Epub 11/02/2009.

Successful use of a wearable cardioverter-defibrillator in myocarditis with normal ejection fraction.

Prochnau D, Surber R, Kuehnert H, Heinke M, Klein HU, Figulla HR

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society.. 2010 February 99 (2):129-31. Epub 1900 01 01.

Cardiac-resynchronization therapy for the prevention of heart-failure events.

Moss AJ, Hall WJ, Cannom DS, Klein H, Brown MW, Daubert JP, Estes NA, Foster E, Greenberg H, Higgins SL, Pfeffer MA, Solomon SD, Wilber D, Zareba W,

The New England journal of medicine.. 2009 October 1361 (14):1329-38. Epub 09/01/2009.

Predictors of long-term mortality in Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II (MADIT II) patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.

Cygankiewicz I, Gillespie J, Zareba W, Brown MW, Goldenberg I, Klein H, McNitt S, Polonsky S, Andrews M, Dwyer EM, Hall WJ, Moss AJ,

Heart rhythm.. 2009 April 6 (4):468-73. Epub 12/24/2008.

Inappropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks in MADIT II: frequency, mechanisms, predictors, and survival impact.

Daubert JP, Zareba W, Cannom DS, McNitt S, Rosero SZ, Wang P, Schuger C, Steinberg JS, Higgins SL, Wilber DJ, Klein H, Andrews ML, Hall WJ, Moss AJ,

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2008 April 851 (14):1357-65. Epub 1900 01 01.

Long-term outcome in diabetic heart failure patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Fantoni C, Regoli F, Ghanem A, Raffa S, Klersy C, Sorgente A, Faletra F, Baravelli M, Inglese L, Salerno-Uriarte JA, Klein HU, Moccetti T, Auricchio A

European journal of heart failure.. 2008 March 10 (3):298-307. Epub 03/04/2008.

Angiotensin II receptor blockade reduces tachycardia-induced atrial adhesion molecule expression.

Goette A, Bukowska A, Lendeckel U, Erxleben M, Hammwöhner M, Strugala D, Pfeiffenberger J, Röhl FW, Huth C, Ebert MP, Klein HU, Röcken C

Circulation.. 2008 February 12117 (6):732-42. Epub 01/28/2008.

Worldwide surgical experience with the Paracor HeartNet cardiac restraint device.

Klodell CT, Aranda JM, McGiffin DC, Rayburn BK, Sun B, Abraham WT, Pae WE, Boehmer JP, Klein H, Huth C

The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.. 2008 January 135 (1):188-95. Epub 1900 01 01.

Activity monitoring in heart failure patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Kawabata M, Fantoni C, Regoli F, Raffa S, Pastori F, Fratini S, Prentice J, Klein HU, Auricchio A

Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society. 2007 December 71 (12):1885-92. Epub 1900 01 01.

The cardioprotective effect of mesenchymal stem cells is mediated by IGF-I and VEGF.

Sadat S, Gehmert S, Song YH, Yen Y, Bai X, Gaiser S, Klein H, Alt E

Biochemical and biophysical research communications.. 2007 November 23363 (3):674-9. Epub 09/24/2007.

Isolation and characterization of bone marrow-derived equine mesenchymal stem cells.

Arnhold SJ, Goletz I, Klein H, Stumpf G, Beluche LA, Rohde C, Addicks K, Litzke LF

American journal of veterinary research.. 2007 October 68 (10):1095-105. Epub 1900 01 01.

Cigarette smoking induces atrial fibrosis in humans via nicotine.

Goette A, Lendeckel U, Kuchenbecker A, Bukowska A, Peters B, Klein HU, Huth C, Röcken C

Heart.. 2007 September 93 (9):1056-63. Epub 03/29/2007.

Exercise testing for non-invasive assessment of atrial electrophysiological properties in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.

Husser O, Husser D, Stridh M, Sörnmo L, Corino VD, Mainardi LT, Lombardi F, Klein HU, Olsson SB, Bollmann A

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology.. 2007 August 9 (8):627-32. Epub 06/26/2007.

Balanced steady-state free precession vs. segmented fast low-angle shot for the evaluation of ventricular volumes, mass, and function at 3 Tesla.

Grothues F, Boenigk H, Graessner J, Kanowski M, Klein HU

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.. 2007 August 26 (2):392-400. Epub 1900 01 01.

Impaired epidermal wound healing in vivo upon inhibition or deletion of Rac1.

Tscharntke M, Pofahl R, Chrostek-Grashoff A, Smyth N, Niessen C, Niemann C, Hartwig B, Herzog V, Klein HW, Krieg T, Brakebusch C, Haase I

Journal of cell science.. 2007 April 15120 (Pt 8):1480-90. Epub 03/27/2007.

Platelet expression of CD40/CD40 ligand and its relation to inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Hammwöhner M, Ittenson A, Dierkes J, Bukowska A, Klein HU, Lendeckel U, Goette A

Experimental biology and medicine. 2007 April 232 (4):581-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

The cost of implantable defibrillators: perceptions and reality.

Camm J, Klein H, Nisam S

European heart journal.. 2007 February 28 (4):392-7. Epub 08/03/2006.

G-CSF-induced mobilization of CD34(+) progenitor cells and proarrhythmic effects in patients with severe coronary artery disease.

Wolfram O, Jentsch-Ullrich K, Wagner A, Hammwöhner M, Steinke R, Franke A, Zupan I, Klein HU, Goette A

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2007 January 30 Suppl 1 :S166-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Quality of anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin plus phenprocoumon for the prevention of thromboembolic complications in cardioversion for non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Sub-analysis from the Anticoagulation in Cardioversion using Enoxaparin (ACE) trial.

Schmidt-Lucke C, Paar WD, Stellbrink C, Nixdorff U, Hofmann T, Meurer J, Grewe R, Daniel WG, Hanrath P, Mügge A, Klein HU, Schmidt-Lucke JA

Thrombosis research.. 2007 119 (1):27-34. Epub 01/27/2006.

Electroatriography - time-frequency analysis of atrial fibrillation from modified 12-lead ECG configurations for improved diagnosis and therapy.

Husser D, Stridh M, Sörnmo L, Toepffer I, Klein HU, Bertil Olsson S, Bollmann A

Medical hypotheses.. 2007 68 (3):568-73. Epub 10/09/2006.

Angiotensin II antagonist in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (ANTIPAF) trial: rationale and study design.

Goette A, Breithardt G, Fetsch T, Hanrath P, Klein HU, Lehmacher W, Steinbeck G, Meinertz T

Clinical drug investigation.. 2007 27 (10):697-705. Epub 1900 01 01.

Adenovirally transduced bone marrow stromal cells differentiate into pigment epithelial cells and induce rescue effects in RCS rats.

Arnhold S, Heiduschka P, Klein H, Absenger Y, Basnaoglu S, Kreppel F, Henke-Fahle S, Kochanek S, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Addicks K, Schraermeyer U

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.. 2006 September 47 (9):4121-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Four-year efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy on exercise tolerance and disease progression: the importance of performing atrioventricular junction ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Gasparini M, Auricchio A, Regoli F, Fantoni C, Kawabata M, Galimberti P, Pini D, Ceriotti C, Gronda E, Klersy C, Fratini S, Klein HH

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2006 August 1548 (4):734-43. Epub 07/24/2006.

Aortic thrombus and pulmonary embolism in a patient with hyperhomocysteinemia.

Goette A, Hammwöhner M, Dierkes J, Lachmuth J, Frölich JC, Klein H, Bode-Böger SM

Nature clinical practice. Cardiovascular medicine. 2006 July 3 (7):396-9; quiz following 399. Epub 1900 01 01.

Rapid pacing of embryoid bodies impairs mitochondrial ATP synthesis by a calcium-dependent mechanism--a model of in vitro differentiated cardiomyocytes to study molecular effects of tachycardia.

Schild L, Bukowska A, Gardemann A, Polczyk P, Keilhoff G, Täger M, Dudley SC, Klein HU, Goette A, Lendeckel U

Biochimica et biophysica acta.. 2006 June 1762 (6):608-15. Epub 04/19/2006.

Human bone marrow stroma cells display certain neural characteristics and integrate in the subventricular compartment after injection into the liquor system.

Arnhold S, Klein H, Klinz FJ, Absenger Y, Schmidt A, Schinköthe T, Brixius K, Kozlowski J, Desai B, Bloch W, Addicks K

European journal of cell biology.. 2006 June 85 (6):551-65. Epub 05/02/2006.

Time dependence of defibrillator benefit after coronary revascularization in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT)-II.

Goldenberg I, Moss AJ, McNitt S, Zareba W, Hall WJ, Andrews ML, Wilber DJ, Klein HU,

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2006 May 247 (9):1811-7. Epub 04/17/2006.

Cardiac uptake of progenitor cells in patients with moderate-to-severe left ventricular failure scheduled for cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Goette A, Jentsch-Ullrich K, Hammwöhner M, Trautmann S, Franke A, Klein HU, Auricchio A

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology.. 2006 March 8 (3):157-60. Epub 02/14/2006.

Evaluation of noncardiac chest pain: diagnostic approach, coping strategies and quality of life.

Husser D, Bollmann A, Kühne C, Molling J, Klein HU

European journal of pain : EJP.. 2006 January 10 (1):51-5. Epub 1900 01 01.

Hydrogen peroxide inhibits activity of the IGF-1 receptor kinase.

Schmitt TL, Klein H, Dröge W

Redox report : communications in free radical research.. 2006 11 (3):105-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Why should we care about CARE-HF?

Ellenbogen KA, Wood MA, Klein HU

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2005 December 2046 (12):2199-203. Epub 1900 01 01.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves heart rate profile and heart rate variability of patients with moderate to severe heart failure.

Fantoni C, Raffa S, Regoli F, Giraldi F, La Rovere MT, Prentice J, Pastori F, Fratini S, Salerno-Uriarte JA, Klein HU, Auricchio A

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2005 November 1546 (10):1875-82. Epub 10/24/2005.

Activation of a GST-tagged AKT2/PKBbeta.

Baer K, Lisinski I, Gompert M, Stuhlmann D, Schmolz K, Klein HW, Al-Hasani H

Biochimica et biophysica acta.. 2005 October 101725 (3):340-7. Epub 04/20/2005.

Multicenter automatic defibrillator implantation trial-cardiac resynchronization therapy (MADIT-CRT): design and clinical protocol.

Moss AJ, Brown MW, Cannom DS, Daubert JP, Estes M, Foster E, Greenberg HM, Hall WJ, Higgins SL, Klein H, Pfeffer M, Wilber D, Zareba W

Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc.. 2005 October 10 (4 Suppl):34-43. Epub 1900 01 01.

"The older the broader": electrogram characteristics help identify the critical isthmus during catheter ablation of postinfarct ventricular tachycardia.

Klein HU, Reek S

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2005 August 1646 (4):675-7. Epub 1900 01 01.

Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor, soluble VEGF receptor Flt-1 and endothelial function in healthy smokers.

Schmidt-Lucke C, Belgore F, Reinhold D, Ansorge S, Klein HU, Schmidt-Lucke JA, Lip GY

International journal of cardiology.. 2005 April 20100 (2):207-12. Epub 1900 01 01.

Pilot study: Noninvasive monitoring of oral flecainide's effects on atrial electrophysiology during persistent human atrial fibrillation using the surface electrocardiogram.

Husser D, Binias KH, Stridh M, Sornmo L, Olsson SB, Molling J, Geller C, Klein HU, Bollmann A

Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc.. 2005 April 10 (2):206-10. Epub 1900 01 01.

X-ray structure of glutathione S-transferase from Schistosoma japonicum in a new crystal form reveals flexibility of the substrate-binding site.

Rufer AC, Thiebach L, Baer K, Klein HW, Hennig M

Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology and crystallization communications.. 2005 March 161 (Pt 3):263-5. Epub 02/24/2005.

Time-frequency analysis of the surface electrocardiogram for monitoring antiarrhythmic drug effects in atrial fibrillation.

Husser D, Stridh M, Sornmo L, Geller C, Klein HU, Olsson SB, Bollmann A

The American journal of cardiology.. 2005 February 1595 (4):526-8. Epub 1900 01 01.

Interdependent regulation of insulin receptor kinase activity by ADP and hydrogen peroxide.

Schmitt TL, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Klein H, Dröge W

The Journal of biological chemistry.. 2005 February 4280 (5):3795-801. Epub 11/23/2004.

Right and left ventricular activation sequence in patients with heart failure and right bundle branch block: a detailed analysis using three-dimensional non-fluoroscopic electroanatomic mapping system.

Fantoni C, Kawabata M, Massaro R, Regoli F, Raffa S, Arora V, Salerno-Uriarte JA, Klein HU, Auricchio A

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology.. 2005 February 16 (2):112-9; discussion 120-1. Epub 1900 01 01.

Expression of opioid receptor subtypes and their ligands in fibrillating human atria.

Lendeckel U, Müller C, Röcken C, Laube B, Täger M, Huth C, Klein HU, Goette A

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2005 January 28 Suppl 1 :S275-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Neurally selected embryonic stem cells induce tumor formation after long-term survival following engraftment into the subretinal space.

Arnhold S, Klein H, Semkova I, Addicks K, Schraermeyer U

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.. 2004 December 45 (12):4251-5. Epub 1900 01 01.

Feasibility of catheter cryoablation in normal ventricular myocardium and healed myocardial infarction.

Reek S, Geller JC, Schildhaus HU, Ripley KL, Klein HU

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2004 November 27 (11):1530-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Effect of physical exercise on platelet activity and the von-Willebrand-factor in patients with persistent lone atrial fibrillation.

Goette A, Weber M, Lendeckel U, Welte T, Lutze G, Klein HU

Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing.. 2004 April 10 (2):139-46. Epub 1900 01 01.

T wave alternans does not assess arrhythmic risk in patients with Brugada syndrome.

Kirchhof P, Eckardt L, Rolf S, Esperer HD, Paul M, Wichter T, Klein HU, Breithardt G, Böcker D

Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc.. 2004 April 9 (2):162-5. Epub 1900 01 01.

Characterization of left ventricular activation in patients with heart failure and left bundle-branch block.

Auricchio A, Fantoni C, Regoli F, Carbucicchio C, Goette A, Geller C, Kloss M, Klein H

Circulation.. 2004 March 9109 (9):1133-9. Epub 03/01/2004.

Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia by intramyocardial injection of ethanol in an animal model of chronic myocardial infarction.

Reek S, Geller JC, Schildhaus HU, Mahnkopf D, Mittag J, Klein HU

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology.. 2004 March 15 (3):332-41. Epub 1900 01 01.

Interstudy reproducibility of right ventricular volumes, function, and mass with cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Grothues F, Moon JC, Bellenger NG, Smith GS, Klein HU, Pennell DJ

American heart journal.. 2004 February 147 (2):218-23. Epub 1900 01 01.

Use of a wearable defibrillator in terminating tachyarrhythmias in patients at high risk for sudden death: results of the WEARIT/BIROAD.

Feldman AM, Klein H, Tchou P, Murali S, Hall WJ, Mancini D, Boehmer J, Harvey M, Heilman MS, Szymkiewicz SJ, Moss AJ, ,

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2004 January 27 (1):4-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Treatment of atrial fibrillation with an implantable atrial defibrillator--long term results.

Geller JC, Reek S, Timmermans C, Kayser T, Tse HF, Wolpert C, Jung W, Camm AJ, Lau CP, Wellens HJ, Klein HU

European heart journal.. 2003 December 24 (23):2083-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Noncontact mapping of ventricular tachycardia in a closed-chest animal model of chronic myocardial infarction.

Reek S, Geller JC, Mittag A, Grothues F, Hess A, Kaulisch T, Klein HU

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2003 December 26 (12):2253-63. Epub 1900 01 01.

Effect of atrial fibrillation on hematopoietic progenitor cells: a novel pathophysiological role of the atrial natriuretic peptide?

Goette A, Jentsch-Ullrich K, Lendeckel U, Röcken C, Agbaria M, Auricchio A, Mohren M, Franke A, Klein HU

Circulation.. 2003 November 18108 (20):2446-9. Epub 11/10/2003.

Clinical efficacy of a wearable defibrillator in acutely terminating episodes of ventricular fibrillation using biphasic shocks.

Reek S, Geller JC, Meltendorf U, Wollbrueck A, Szymkiewicz SJ, Klein HU

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2003 October 26 (10):2016-22. Epub 1900 01 01.

Frequency measures obtained from the surface electrocardiogram in atrial fibrillation research and clinical decision-making.

Bollmann A, Husser D, Stridh M, Soernmo L, Majic M, Klein HU, Olsson SB

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology.. 2003 October 14 (10 Suppl):S154-61. Epub 1900 01 01.

Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic predictors for atrial fibrillation recurrence following cardioversion.

Bollmann A, Husser D, Steinert R, Stridh M, Soernmo L, Olsson SB, Polywka D, Molling J, Geller C, Klein HU

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology.. 2003 October 14 (10 Suppl):S162-5. Epub 1900 01 01.

Pulmonary vein isolation using transvenous catheter cryoablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation without risk of pulmonary vein stenosis.

Tse HF, Reek S, Timmermans C, Lee KL, Geller JC, Rodriguez LM, Ghaye B, Ayers GM, Crijns HJ, Klein HU, Lau CP

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2003 August 2042 (4):752-8. Epub 1900 01 01.

Images in cardiovascular medicine. Pulmonary artery: stuck between a rock and a hard place.

Grothues F, Welte T, Huth C, Klein HU

Circulation.. 2003 July 15108 (2):245-6. Epub 1900 01 01.

Blockade of atrial angiotensin II type 1 receptors: a novel antiarrhythmic strategy to prevent atrial fibrillation?

Klein HU, Goette A

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2003 June 1841 (12):2205-6. Epub 1900 01 01.

[MADIT II--or how seriously do we take primary prevention of sudden cardiac death?].

Klein HU

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift.. 2003 March 31115 (5-6):152-4. Epub 1900 01 01.

Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic predictors for atrial fibrillation recurrence following cardioversion

Bollmann, A.; Husser, D.; Steinert, R.; Soermo, L.; Olsson, SB.; Polywka, D.; Molling, J.; Geller, JC.; Klein, HU.

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2003; 14: S162-5.

Frequency measures obtained from the surface electrocardiogram in atrial fibrillation research and clinical decision-making

Bollmann, A.; Husser, D.; Sttridh, M.; Soermo, L.; Majic, M.; Klein, HU.; Olsson, SB.

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2003; 14: S154-61.

Changes of plasma concentrations of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor after increased perfusion of lower extremities in humans.

Schmidt-Lucke C, Reinhold D, Ansorge S, Klein HU, Schmidt-Lucke JA

Endothelium : journal of endothelial cell research. 2003 10 (3):159-65. Epub 1900 01 01.

14-3-3 binding to the IGF-1 receptor is mediated by serine autophosphorylation.

Parvaresch S, Yesilkaya T, Baer K, Al-Hasani H, Klein HW

FEBS letters.. 2002 December 18532 (3):357-62. Epub 1900 01 01.

Importance of left atrial diameter and atrial fibrillatory frequency for conversion of persistent atrial fibrillation with oral flecainide.

Bollmann A, Binias KH, Toepffer I, Molling J, Geller C, Klein HU

The American journal of cardiology.. 2002 November 190 (9):1011-4. Epub 1900 01 01.

Acute results of transvenous cryoablation of supraventricular tachycardia (atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia).

Rodriguez LM, Geller JC, Tse HF, Timmermans C, Reek S, Lee KL, Ayers GM, Lau CP, Klein HU, Crijns HJ

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology.. 2002 November 13 (11):1082-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Atrial amyloidosis: an arrhythmogenic substrate for persistent atrial fibrillation.

Röcken C, Peters B, Juenemann G, Saeger W, Klein HU, Huth C, Roessner A, Goette A

Circulation.. 2002 October 15106 (16):2091-7. Epub 1900 01 01.

Floating aortic thrombus in systemic aspergillosis and detection by transesophageal echocardiography.

Grothues F, Welte T, Grote HJ, Roessner A, Klein HU

Critical care medicine.. 2002 October 30 (10):2355-8. Epub 1900 01 01.

Comparison of interstudy reproducibility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance with two-dimensional echocardiography in normal subjects and in patients with heart failure or left ventricular hypertrophy.

Grothues F, Smith GC, Moon JC, Bellenger NG, Collins P, Klein HU, Pennell DJ

The American journal of cardiology.. 2002 July 190 (1):29-34. Epub 1900 01 01.

Calpains and cytokines in fibrillating human atria.

Goette A, Arndt M, Röcken C, Staack T, Bechtloff R, Reinhold D, Huth C, Ansorge S, Klein HU, Lendeckel U

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.. 2002 July 283 (1):H264-72. Epub 1900 01 01.

Pacing of Bachmann's bundle after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Goette A, Mittag J, Friedl A, Busk H, Jepsen MS, Hartung WM, Huth C, Klein HU

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.. 2002 July 25 (7):1072-8. Epub 1900 01 01.

Signal transduction systems and atrial fibrillation.

Goette A, Lendeckel U, Klein HU

Cardiovascular research.. 2002 May 54 (2):247-58. Epub 1900 01 01.

Determinants and consequences of atrial fibrosis in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

Goette A, Juenemann G, Peters B, Klein HU, Roessner A, Huth C, Röcken C

Cardiovascular research.. 2002 May 54 (2):390-6. Epub 1900 01 01.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy restores optimal atrioventricular mechanical timing in heart failure patients with ventricular conduction delay.

Auricchio A, Ding J, Spinelli JC, Kramer AP, Salo RW, Hoersch W, KenKnight BH, Klein HU

Journal of the American College of Cardiology.. 2002 April 339 (7):1163-9. Epub 1900 01 01.

Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation taking oral verapamil exhibit a lower atrial frequency on the ECG.

Bollmann A, Sonne K, Esperer HD, Toepffer I, Klein HU

Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc.. 2002 April 7 (2):92-7. Epub 1900 01 01.

Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction.

Moss AJ, Zareba W, Hall WJ, Klein H, Wilber DJ, Cannom DS, Daubert JP, Higgins SL, Brown MW, Andrews ML,

The New England journal of medicine.. 2002 March 21346 (12):877-83. Epub 03/19/2002.

Altered expression of ADAMs (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase) in fibrillating human atria.

Arndt M, Lendeckel U, Röcken C, Nepple K, Wolke C, Spiess A, Huth C, Ansorge S, Klein HU, Goette A

Circulation.. 2002 February 12105 (6):720-5. Epub 1900 01 01.

Exercise performance following cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure and ventricular conduction delay.

Auricchio A, Kloss M, Trautmann SI, Rodner S, Klein H

The American journal of cardiology.. 2002 January 1589 (2):198-203. Epub 1900 01 01.

Left atrial appendage function and pulmonary venous flow in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and their relation to spontaneous echo contrast.

Bollmann A, Binias KH, Grothues F, Schwerdtfeger A, Klein HU

Echocardiography.. 2002 January 19 (1):37-43. Epub 1900 01 01.

Altered expression of ADAMs (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase) in fibrillating human atria

Arndt, M.; Lendeckel, U.; Roecken, C.; Nepple, K.; Wolke, C.; Spiess, A.; Huth, C.; Ansorge, S.; Klein, HU.; Goette, A.

Circulation. 2002; 105: 720-5.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy restores optimal atrioventricular mechanical timing in heart failure patients with ventricular conduction delay

Auricchio, A.; Ding, J.; Spinelli, JC.; Kramer, AP.; Salo, RW.; Hoersch, W.; KenKnight, BH.; Klein, HU.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002; 39: 1163-9.

Acute results of transvenous cryoblation of supraventricular tachycardia (atrial flutter, Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia

Rodriguez, LM.; Geller, JC.; Tse, HF.; Timmermans, C.; Reek, S.; Lee, KL.; Ayers, GM.; Lau, CP.; Klein, HU.; Crijns, HJ.

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2002; 13: 1082-9.

Exercise performance following cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure and ventricular conduction delay

Auricchio, A.; Kloss, M.; Trautmann SI.; Rodner, S.; Klein, H.

Am J Cardiol. 2002; 89: 198-203.

Left atrial appendage function and pulmonary venous flow in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and their relation to spontaneous echo contrast

Bollmann, A.; Binias, KH.; Grothues, F.; Schwerdtfeger, A.; Klein, HU.

Echocardiography. 2002; 19: 37-43.

Importance of left atrial diameter and atrial fibrillatory frequency for conversion of persistent atrial fibrilaation with oral flecainide

Bollmann, A.; Binias, KH.; Toepffer, I.; Molling, J.; Geller, C.; Klein, HU.

Am J Cardiol. 2002; 90: 1011-4.

Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation taking oral verapamil exhibit a lower atrial frequency on the ECG

Bollmann, A.; Sonne, K.; Esperer, HD, Toepffer, I.; Klein, HU.

Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2002; 7: 92-7.

Catheter ablation of symptomatic ventricular extrasystoles in patients without structural heart disease

Geller, JC.; Reek, S.; Klein, HU.

Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2002; 127: 2566-9.

Calpains and cytokines in fibrillating human atria

Goette, A.; Arndt, M.; Rocken, C.; Staak, T.; Bechthoff, D.; reinhold, D.; Huth, C.; Ansorge, S.; Klein, HU.; Lendeckel, U.

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002; 283: H264-72.

Determinants and consequences of atrial fibrosis in patients undergoing open heart surgery

Goette, A.; Juenemann, G.; Peters, B.; Klein, HU.; Roessner, A.; Huth, C.; Roecken, C.

Cardiovasc Res. 2002; 54: 390-6.

Signal transduction systems and atrial fibrillation

Goette, A.; Lendeckel, U.; Klein, HU.

Cardiovasc Res. 2002; 54: 247-58.

Pacing of Bachmann's bundle after coronary artery bypass grafting

Goette, A.; Mittag, J.; Friedl, A.; Busk, H.; Jepsen, MS.; Hartung, WM.; Huth, C.; Klein, HU.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2002; 25: 1072-8.

Floating aortic thrombus in systemic aspergillosis and detection by transesophageal echocardiography

Grothues, F.; Welte, T.; Grote, HJ.; Roessner, A.; Klein, HU.

Crit Care Med. 2002; 30: 2355-8.

Primary prevention of sudden death - afraid of the truth

Klein, H.

Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2002; 127: 2113.

Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction

Moss, AJ.; Zareba, W.; Hall, WJ.; Klein, H.; et al.

N Engl J Med. 2002; 346: 877-83.

Comparison of interstudy reproducibility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance with two-dimensional echocardiography in normal subjects and in patients with heart failure or left ventricular hypertrophy

Grothues, F.; Smith, GC.; Moon, JC.; Bellenger, NG.; Collins, P.; Klein, HU.; Pennell, DJ.

Am J Cardiol. 2002; 90: 29-34.

Beyond the expectation: A decade of positive results with cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.

Eur Heart J. 2002; 45: 345-51.

The Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) for the prevention of sudden cardiac death - a single center experience

Reek, S.; Meltendorf, U.; Geller, JC.; Wollbruck, A.; Grund, S.; Klein, HU.

Z Kardiol. 2002; 91: 1044-52.

A wearable defibrillator for patients with an intermittent risk of arrhythmia

Reek, S.; Meltendorf, U.; Klein, HU.

Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2002; 127: 2127-30.

Atrial amyloidosis: an arrhythmogenic substrate for persistent atrial fibrillation

Roecken, C.; Peters, B.; Juenemann, G.; Saeger, W.; Klein, HU.; Huth, C.; Roessner, A.; Goette, A.

Circulation. 2002; 106: 2091-7.

Left atrial appendage flow in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation: relationship with pulmonary venous flow and ECG fibrillatory wave amplitude

Bollmann, A.; Binias, K.; Grothues, F.; et al.

Chest. 2001; 119: 485-92.

Electrocardiographic characteristics in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and their relation to echocardiographic parameters

Bollmann, A.; Binias, KH.; Sonne, K.; et al.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2001; 24: 1507-13.

Response of atrial fibrillatory activity to carotid sinus massage in patients with atrial fibrillation

Bollmann, A.; Wodarz, K.; Esperer, HD.; Toepffer, I.; Klein, HU.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2001; 24: 1363-8.

Spontaneous episode of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a patients with intermittent Brugada syndrome

Geller, JC.; reek, S.; Goette, A.; Klein, HU.

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2001; 12: 1094.

Effect of successful electrical cardioversion on serum aldosterone in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation

Goette, A.; Hoffmanns, P.; Enayati, W.; Meltendorf, U.; Geller, JC.; Klein, HU.

Am J Cardiol. 2001; 88: 906-9, A8.

Case report: severe skin burn at the site of the indifferent electrode after radiofrequency catheter ablation of typical atrial flutter

Goette, A.; Reek, S.; Klein, HU.; Geller, JC.

J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2001; 5: 337-40.

Pacing therapies for congestive heart failure considering the results of the PATH-CHF study

Huth, C.; Friedl, A.; Klein, H.; Auricchio, A.

Z Kardiol. 2001; 90(Suppl 1): 10-15.

Expansion of ICD indications: Resynchronization therapy and the ICD

Auricchio, A.; Klein, HU.

Cardiac Electrophysiology Review. 2001; 5: 35-40.

Expression and activity of ectopeptidases in fibrillating human atria

Lendeckel, U.; Arndt, M.; Wrenger, S.; et al.

J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2001; 33: 1273-81.

Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death

Reek, S.; Geller, JC.; Klein, HU.

Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2001; 126: 435-8.

Arrhythmias in Heart Failure

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.

Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2000; 2: 329-339.

Perspectives: does amiodarone increase non-sudden deaths? If so, why?

Auricchio, A.; Nisam, S.; Klein, HU.

J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2000; 4: 569-74.

Circadian variations in atrial fibrillatory frequency in persistent human atrial fibrillation

Bollmann, A.; Sonne, K.; Esperer, HD.; Toepffer, I.; Klein, HU.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000; 23: 1867-71.

Changes in AV node conduc tion curves following slow pathway modification

Geller, JC.; Goette, A.; Reek, S.; Funke, C.; Hartung, WM.; Klein, HU.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000; 23: 1651-60.

Regulation of angiotensin II receptor subtypes during atrial fibrillation in humans

Goette, A.; Arndt, M.; Rocken, C.; et al.

Circulation. 2000; 101: 2678-81.

Increased expression of P-selection in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation

Goette, A.; Ittenson, A.; Hoffmanns, P.; et al.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000; 23: 1872-5.

Increased expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and angiotension-converting enzyme in human atrial during atrial fibrillation

Goette, A.; Staack, T.; Rocken, C.; et al.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000; 35: 1669-77.

The importance of right atrial pacing electrode position and pacing configuration for intra-atrial and inter-atrial conduction times

Hartung, WM.; Hartung, D.; Saad, H.; et al.

J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2000; 4: 405-13.

The MUSTT study: evaluating testing and treatment

Klein, HU.; Reek, S.

Card Electrophysiol. 2000; Suppl 1: 45-50.

Incidence of cutaneous vasoactivity in patients with anemia and pulmonary hypoxia

Schmidt-Lucke, C.; Glattkowski-Schafer, G.; Kirchhof, C.; von Bierbrauer, A.; Klein, HU.; Schmidt-Lucke, JA.

Vasa. 2000; 29: 112-5.

Electromechanical re-synchronization with sequential heart stimulation as a new non-pharmacologic treatment of advanced heart failure

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.

Cardiologia. 1999; 44: 495-8.

Pacing for heart failure: selection of patients, techniques and benefits

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.; Spinelli, J.

Eur Heart Fail J. 1999; 1: 275-9.

Transvenous biventricular pacing for heart failure: can the obstacles be overcome?

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.; Tockman, B.; Sack, S.; Stellbrink, C.; Neuzner, J.; Kramer, A.; Ding, T.; Pochet, A.; Maarse, A.; Spinelli, J.

Am J Cardiol. 1999; 83: 136D-142D.

Effect of pacing chamber and atrioventricular delay on acute systolic function of paced patients with congestive heart failure. The Pacing Therapies for Congestive Heart Failure Study Group. The Guidant Congestive Heart Failure Research Group

Auricchio, A.; Stellbrink, C.; Block, M.; et al.

Circulation. 1999; 99: 2993-3001.

Effect of pacing chamber and atrioventricular delay on acute systolic function of paced patients with congestive heart failure

Auricchio, A.; Stellbrink, C.; Block, M.; Sack, S.; Vogt, J.; Bakker, P.; Klein, H.; Kramer, A.; Ding, J.; Salo, R.; Tockmann, B.; Pochet, T.; Spinelli, J.

Circulation. 1999; 99: 2993-3001.

The Pacing Therapies for Congestive Heart Failure (PATH-CHF) study: rationale, design, and endpoints of a prospective randomized multicenter study

Auricchio, A.; Stellbrink, C.; Sack, S.; Block, M.; Vogt, J.; Bakker, P.; Mortensen, P.; Klein, H.

Am J Cardiol. 1999; 83: 130D-135D.

Non-invasive assessment of fibrillatory activity in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation using the Holter ECG

Bollmann, A.; Sonne, K.; Esperer, HD.; Toepffer, I.; Langberg, JJ.; Klein, HU.

Cardiovasc Res. 1999; 44: 60-6.

Persistent T-wave changes after radiofrequency catheter ablation of an accessory connection (Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome) are caused by "cardiac memory"

Geller, JC.; Carlson, MD.; Goette, A.; Reek, S.; Hartung, WM.; Klein, HU.

Am Heart J. 1999; 138: 987-93.

New primary prevention trials of sudden cardiac death in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: SCD-HEFT and MADIT-II

Klein, H.; Auricchio, A.; Reek, S.; Geller, C.

Am J Cardiol. 1999; 83: 91D-97D.

Potential benefit of biventricular pacing in patients with congestive heart failure and ventricular tachyarrhythmia

Stellbrink, C.; Auricchio, A.; Diem, B.; Breithardt, O.; Kloss, M.; Schoendube, FA.; Klein, H.; Messmer, BJ.; Hanrath, P.

Am J Cardiol. 1999; 83: 143D-150D.

Alpha 1-protease inhibitor deficiency. Diagnosis, follow-up and therapy options

Koehnlein, T.; Klein, H.; Welte, T.

Med Klin (Munich). 1999; 94: 371-6.

Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy

Welte, T.; Weiss, G.; Achtzehn, Wu.; Hoffman, B.; Klein, H.

Med Klin (Munich). 1999; 94: 51-4.

Clinical efficacy of the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator in acutely terminating episodes of ventricular fibrillation

Auricchio, A.,; Klein, H.; Geller, CJ.; Reek, S.; Heilman, MS.; Szymkiewicz, SJ.

Am J Cardiol. 1998; 81: 1253-6.

An increase in sinus rate following radiofrequency energy application in the posteroseptal space

Geller, C.; Goette, A.; Carlson, MD.; Esperer, HD.; Hartung, W.; Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1998; 21: 303-7.

Unilateral pulmonary vein atresia in early adulthood

Otto, D.; von Falkenhausen, U.; Schellong, S.; Klein, H.; Welte, T.

Pneumologie. 1998; 52: 135-9.

Circadian variations of ventricular tachyarrhythmias detected by the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.

G Ital Cardiol. 1997; 27: 113-22.

Problems and pitfalls in evaluating stuides for pacing in heart failure

Auricchio, A.; Salo, RW.; Klein, H.; Hartung, W.

G Ital Cardiol. 1997; 27: 593-9.

50 years of successfull human defibrillation. A history of continuing progress

Esperer, HD.; Klein, HU.

Herzschrittmacherher Elektrophysiol. 1997; 8: 262-5.

Which device should "MADIT protocol" patients receive? Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial

Higgins, SL.; Klein, H.; Nisam, S.

Am J Cardiol. 1997; 79: 31-5.

Clinical relevance of stored electrograms for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) troubleshooting and understanding of mechanisms for ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Auricchio, A.; Hartung, W.; Geller, C.; Klein, H.

Am J Cardiol. 1996; 78: 33-41.

Initial clinical experience with a new down-sized implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

Klein, H.; Auricchio, A.; Huvelle, E.; Nisam, S.

Am J Cardiol. 1996; 78: 9-14.

Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia

Moss, AJ.; Hall, WJ.; Cannom, DS.; et al.

N Engl J Med. 1996; 335: 1933-40.

Clinical relevance of stored electrograms for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) troubleshooting and understanding of mechanisms for ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Auricchio, A.; Hartung, W.; Geller, C.; Klein, H.

Am J Cardiol. 1996; : 33-41.

Dual-chamber pacing in dilated cardiomyopathy: Insufficient sample size, heterogenous population and inappropriate end point may lead to erroneous conclusions

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996; 27: 1548-49.

Infections after cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: observation in 335 patients over 10 years

Trappe, HJ.; Pfitzner, P.; Klein, H.; Wenzlaff, P.

Brit Heart J. 1995; 73: 20-24.

Multiple chambered pacing for treatment of congestive heart failure

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1995; 18: 750-51.

Risk and benefit of additional aorto-coronary bypass grafting in patients undergoing cardioverter-defibrillator implantation

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Wahlers, T.; Fieguth, HG.; Wenzlaff, P.; Kielblock, B.; Lichtlen, PR.

Am Heart J. 1994; 127: 75-82.

Role of antitachycardia pacing in patients with third generation cardioverter-defibrillators

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Kielblock, B.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1994; 127: 506-13.

Risk and benefit of additional aortocoronary bypass grafting in patients undergoing cardioverter-defibrillator implantation

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Wahlers, T.; Fieguth, HG.; Wenzlaff, P.; Kielblock, B.; Lichtlen PR.

Am Heart J. 1994; 27: 75-82.

Non-pharmacological therapy of ventricular tachyarhythmias: Observations in 554 Patients

Trappe, HJ.; Pfitzner, P.; Fieguth, HG.; Wenzlaff, P.; Kielblock, B.; Klein, H.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1994; 17: 2172-77.

Prolongation of monophasic action potential duration and the refractory period in the human heart by tedisamil, a new potassium-blocking agent

Bargheer, K.; Bode, F.; Klein, HU.; Trappe, HJ.; Franz, MR.; Lichtlen, PR.

Eur Heart J. 1994; 15: 1409-14.

Initial experience with a new transvenous defibrillation system

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Fieguth, HG.; Kielblock, B.; Lichtlen, PR.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993; 16: 134-40.

Clinical efficacy and safety of the new cardioverter-defibrillator system

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Fieguth, HG.; Wahlers, T.; Wenzlaff, P.; Kielblock, B.; Lichtlen, PR.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993; 16: 153-58.

Ventricular tachycardia surgery in 1992: Did the automatic defibrillator change this approach?

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Wenzlaff, P.; Frank, G.; Siclari, F.; Goette, A.; Lichtlen, PR.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993; 16: 242-46.

Role of interventional therapy in patients with coronary heart disease and life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Wenzlaff, P.; Fieguth, HG.; Wahlers, T.; Kielblock, B.; Lichtlen, PR.

Eur Heart J. 1993; 14: 267-71.

Comparison of catheter ablation using direct current energy versus radio frequency: observations in 147 patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Wenzlaff, P.; Huang, J.; Lichtlen, PR.

J Intervent Cardiol. 1993; 6: 137-47.

Prospective studies evaluating prophylactic ICD therapy for high risk patients with coronary artery disease

Klein, H.; Trappe, HJ.; Fieguth, HG.; Nisam, S.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993; 16: 564-70.

Chronic (or healed) myocarditis mimicking arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia

Hofmann, R.; Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Kemnitz, J.

Eur Heart J. 1993; 14: 71-20.

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy: indications and making in patients with coronary artery disease

Klein, H.; Trappe, HJ.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1992; 15: 610-615.

Role of mapping guided surgery in patients with recurrent ventricular tachycardia

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Frank, G.; Wenzlaff, P.; Lichtlen, PR.

Am Heart J. 1992; 124: 636-44.

Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia: Role of the underlying etiology and the site of energy delivery

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Auricchio, A.; Wenzlaff, P.; Lichtien, PR.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1992; 15: 411-24.

Surgical therapy for drug-refractory ventricular tachycardia: Role of additional aneurysmectomy or bypass grafting

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Frank, G.; Wenzlaff, P.; Lichtien, PR.

Int J Cardiol. 1992; 34: 255-265.

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy: indications and decision making in patients with coronary artery disease

Klein, H.; Trappe, HJ.

1992; 15: 610-15.

Effect on ventricular performance of direct current electrical shock for catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.; Trappe, HJ.; Salo, R.

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1992; 15: 344-56.

Early and long-term results of catheter ablation in patients with incessant ventricular tachycardia

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Wenzlaff, P.; Lichtien, PR.

J Intervent Cardiol. 1992; 5: 163-70.

Lack of prognostic value of syncope in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Auricchio, A.; Klein, H.; Trappe, HJ.; Wenzlaff, P.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991; 17: 152-58.

Single vessel disease and risk of sudden death

Trappe, HJ.; Klein, H.; Wenzlaff, P.; Lichtlen, PR.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors. 1991; 1: 228-38.

Intraoperative electrophysiologic mapping of the ventricles during sinus rhythm in patients with a previous myocardial infarction

Klein, H.; Karp, RB.; Kouchoukos, NT.; Zorn, G.; James, TN.; Waldo, AL.

Circulation. 1982; 66: 847-53.

Surgical treatment of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias: the role of intraoperative mapping and consideration of the present available surgical techniques

Waldo, AL,; Arciniegas, JG.; Klein, H.

Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1981; 23: 247-64.

Helmut U. Klein, M.D.

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