Galactosemia
Does this test have other names?
Galactosemia newborn screening test
What is this test?
This test is part of screening done on all newborns. It looks for high levels of galactose
and low galactose-1 phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) in your child's blood. This
may mean your child has a condition called galactosemia.
Galactosemia is a rare inherited disorder. It keeps the body from breaking down galactose.
Galactose is a sugar found in many foods and in all dairy products. An enzyme called
GALT normally breaks down galactose. Low levels of the enzyme causes the high galactose
level in the blood. Galactosemia can cause serious problems. These include an enlarged
liver, kidney failure, and brain damage.
Why does my child need this test?
This test is part of screening done on all newborns. If the newborn screening test
is positive, it doesn't mean your child has galactosemia. More tests are needed to
make the diagnosis. If your child has galactosemia, early treatment can help to prevent
serious problems.
What other tests might my child have along with this test?
If your child has a positive galactosemia test, he or she may need other tests such
as:
-
Galactosemia reflex test
-
Other GALT enzyme tests
-
GALT gene blood panel
-
Other gene blood tests
What do my child's test results mean?
Positive galactosemia test results usually mean that your child needs more blood tests.
Negative results usually mean your child doesn't need more tests to check for this
condition. Test results may vary depending on the method used for the test, and other
things. Your child’s test results may not mean he or she has a problem. Ask the healthcare
provider what the test results mean for your child.
How is this test done?
This test is done with a blood sample. This is usually taken by a heel prick in the
first week of life. For a heel prick, a small needle is used to poke the bottom of
your baby’s foot. A small drop of blood is taken and tested.
Does this test pose any risks?
Taking a blood sample with a needle carries risks. These include bleeding, infection,
or bruising.
What might affect my child's test results?
Factors that may affect your child's newborn screening results include age, other
health problems, and treatment such as blood transfusions or total parenteral nutrition
(TPN).
How do I get my child ready for this test?
You don't need to do anything to get your child ready for this test.