Neurofibroma

What is a neurofibroma?

Neurofibromas are benign (non-cancerous) tumors that develop within the protective lining of a nerve. This is the most common type of nerve sheath tumor.

What causes neurofibroma?

Neurofibromas are caused by a DNA mutation which causes overgrowth of normal tissue. There is a genetic condition called neurofibromatosis, which is characterized by changes in the skin color (café-au-lait spots) and neurofibroma growth throughout the body.

Who is at risk for neurofibroma?

Those with a family history of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF-1) are at risk.

What are the symptoms of neurofibroma?

Depending on the nerve that the tumor is within, there is often pain in the affected area, weakness, and at times a palpable mass under the skin.

How is neurofibroma diagnosed?

• Patient history
• Physical exam
• Imaging: ultrasound, MRI
• Biopsy: a biopsy is the only definitive way to diagnose a tumor

How is neurofibroma treated?

Nonsurgical

Monitor with imaging

Surgical

If the tumor is causing symptoms, it can often be surgically removed.